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Second Image Factors of the Imjin War and Qing’s Invasion of Joseon: Domestic Vulnerability and the External Underbalancing

  • The Journal of Northeast Asia Research
  • Abbr : NEA
  • 2022, 37(2), pp.87-115
  • DOI : 10.18013/jnar.2022.37.2.003
  • Publisher : The Institute for Northeast Asia Research
  • Research Area : Social Science > Political Science > International Politics > International Relations / Cooperation
  • Received : November 3, 2022
  • Accepted : December 16, 2022
  • Published : December 31, 2022

Hongseo Park 1

1동서대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

This paper explains the outbreak of the Imjin War and Qing’s Invasion of Josenon as a result of the underbalancing caused by the elite fragmentation and the internal vulnerability of the regime. Right before the Imjin war period, there was no elite consensus to Japan's threat due to intense partisanship between the Western faction and the East faction. In addition, the internal vulnerability of the Seonjo government, which prioritized blocking internal threats to the regime, led it to take an ineffective underbalancing strategy such as diplomatic mission. Meanwhile, before the Qing’s invasion in 1636, there was a broad consensus on Qing’s rising and its threat to Joseon. However, Injo government failed to carry out conflict prevention strategies such as an active appeasement policy due to its political vulnerability resulted from the pro-Ming China Injo Restoration. In event, these factors led Injo government to take ineffective half measures for preventing Qing’s invasion. In the future, the security policy needs to be sought in the basis of an accurate understanding of reality and rational debate rather than partisanship.

Citation status

* References for papers published after 2023 are currently being built.

This paper was written with support from the National Research Foundation of Korea.