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A Study on the Anti-christian Movement in the mid-1920s

  • Journal of Humanities
  • 2014, (53), pp.57-93
  • Publisher : Institute for Humanities
  • Research Area : Humanities > Other Humanities
  • Received : January 1, 2014
  • Accepted : February 3, 2014

Bomin Choi 1

1성균관대학교

Candidate

ABSTRACT

After (The)March First Independence Movement of 1919, the national liberation movements of colony Joseon Dynasty led subsequent ones in cooperation and conflict between the forces of socialism and nationalism. The conflict aspect in both forces is weightily treated because it can show an internal inverse relation. The movement that show the aspect is the Anti-christian movement in the mid-1920's. This thesis is going to understand aspects of the movement and logic of Cheondogyo that was the leader of the Anti-christian movement in the middle of 1920. And it is also going to analyze how Anti-christian movement and the national united front relate in the process of movement. Cheondogyo forces kept criticizing Christianity by the magazine, "Gyebyuk" that was published by themselves from 1924. Cheondogyo forces seperated other religions to 'established religions' except for themselves and then pointed out the problems and the false of 'established religions'. Especially, Christianity was the main target of the criticism as the 'established religion' because it had the most problems. But the criticism of Christianity by Cheondogyo forces didn't was not about Christian religion itself. They insisted the problems of Christianity were the church forces who believe, not religion itself. Cheondogyo forces only criticized the church forces for preventing the situation their movement could happen to themselves in return. The Anti-christian movement of socialist began through the Korean folk mover competition in 1925. At that time, the korean communist party was the forces that led the Anti-christian movement. They insisted a extremely radical proletarian revolution. Christianity that was related with bourgeoisie was the target of criticism because they insisted a extremely radical revolution, On the one hand, it reflected the korean communist party's stance that rejected the united front with 'compromising' and 'reformism' group. The Anti-Chritian seminar that was planned in October 1925 was watershed as the Anti-Christian movement of the Communist Party. Even though it foundered on police, the Anti-Christian movement was greatly heightened. However, the Anti-Christian movement was regressed a bit by the construction of a new central leadership since February 1926. It was because the national united front policy of the new contructed central leadership was different from the old one's. It was also the result that was influenced by the international situation around Comintern.

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