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Modern Media and Gender (I)－ The Rise of Female Pansori Singers in the Early 20th Century －

  • Journal of Humanities
  • 2015, (59), pp.285-315
  • Publisher : Institute for Humanities
  • Research Area : Humanities > Other Humanities
  • Received : October 6, 2015
  • Accepted : October 26, 2015

Im HyeongTaek 1

1성균관대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the operation of modern media as a social and cultural mechanism which called in female pansori singers. Until the 19th century, in the heyday of traditional pansori, female pansori singers had been prohibited from performing on stage. While there existed some cases of exceptions such as Jin Chae-seon, Heo Geum-pa and Gang So-chun . though intermittently . their public appearance always hit the news. It was not until the early 20th century that female pansori singers were called on stage in earnest in the wake of the appearance of modern media. Such a phenomenon was the outcome of the reciprocal interaction between the “literary media” . letters, books, and publications such as newspapers, magazines, the Maewol Shinbo (the Monthly Report of New Music) and the collection of lyrics and the “sound media-technology” such as gramophones and the radio. Besides, the conventional and patriarchal macho tastes continued to dominate society as the code of popular culture. Under the context, female singers had a strong character of a cultural icon who only corresponded to the tastes. This trend continued until the 1950s when pansori almost lost its vigor as the main contents of modern popular culture and remained until the 1960s when pansori was promoted into a high artistic cultural item showcasing a trace of cherished old Korean cultures. The status of female pansori singers was promoted to that of female master singers, and furthermore to the state-authorized singers (gukchang) or instructors during the period when pansori was completely freed from the influence of popular culture. At that time, female pansori singers were at the center of preserving and inheriting the tradition of pansori. Only after they were liberated from the gaze of the public could they find they own way as artists and master singers dauntlessly. This paper has analyzed the socio-cultural changes of the female pansori singers in the early 20th century from the perspective of modern media and gender. And this research has consequently found that modern media resulted in the emergence of women and the subsequent differentiation of gender on one hand and imposed restrictionw on the female pansori singers in the process of calling them out as the cultural products on the other hand.

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