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Double Alienation, the Return of the Repressed (Alienated) Desire (Real), and Split Human Subject in The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde

  • Journal of Humanities
  • 2019, (72), pp.59-96
  • DOI : 10.31310/HUM.072.03
  • Publisher : Institute for Humanities
  • Research Area : Humanities > Other Humanities
  • Received : December 19, 2018
  • Accepted : January 31, 2019
  • Published : February 28, 2019

KIM, ILYEONG 1

1성균관대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

Unlike the traditional approach to The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde which examines it in terms of “the good-evil antithesis that lurks in all men”, the novella is concerned with the split human subject caused by double alienation which the human should undergo in order to be a subject. The subject, according to Lacan, is constituted in/by the symbolic order, so that, to be a subject, we should be subjected to the symbolic order/human society which demands the subject to give up parts of ourselves. What is prohibited by the symbolic order is called the real. The human subject, thus, inevitably remains split and alienated from himself. Furthermore, the subject is alienated from his own desire, since he desires what Other/symbolic order desires, (mis)recognizing Other’s desire as his own. In this sense, the subject inevitably undergoes double alienation. Jekyll has a desire for “the respect of the wise and good” as well as “impatient gaiety of disposition” which led him to do “irregularities” in his youth. Hyde as an embodiment of “gaiety of disposition” represents prohibited/alienated desire as well as the real repressed by the symbolic order/Other’s desire, while Jekyll is a figure of the social identity given by the symbolic order whose desire Jekyll (mis)recognizes as his own. Jekyll, thus, is doubly aliened from his own desire by Other’s desire which represents Jekyll’s desire, forbidding Jekyll’s own desire. Hyde, in this sense, represents the return of the real/Jekyll’s alienated desire, whereas Jekyll is Hyde’s social mask.

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