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Criterion of the Empirical Consciousness in Hegel’s Phenomenology of Spirit -According to the Structure of Consciousness in its Introduction-

KIHO NAHM 1

1연세대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

This article examines the criterion provision of the empirical consciousness in the Introduction to Hegel’s Phenomenology of Spirit. According to Hegel, consciousness always relates itself to an object, and at the same time, consciousness also distinguishes the object from itself to establish it outside this relation. Furthermore, consciousness becomes aware of itself as knowing the object, and therefore, compares its knowledge with the object which is set outside this relation. In other words, consciousness while experiencing itself takes ‘in itself(Ansich)’ of the object which it establishes outside this relation as its criterion for measuring its objective knowledge. Now, the Ansich of the object, which consciousness takes as its criterion, is a shape of the object itself which by experience comes to be known always in a new form of essence. If its knowledge at each stage does not correspond to this criterion, consciousness alters its knowledge, the object of this knowledge, and its criterion until the last stage. The description of this process as a progress of forms of consciousness from the viewpoint of philosopher makes up the Phenomenology of Spirit. The Phenomenology of Spirit represents the movement of the science of experience of consciousness as it builds itself from below up to the scientific spirit(Geist). It also constitutes a phenomenology of the scientific spirit which recalls from above its training and educating stages(Bildungsstufen) in the multilayered structure of the moments that make up the truth.

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* References for papers published after 2023 are currently being built.

This paper was written with support from the National Research Foundation of Korea.
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