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The Role of Civil Society and New Governance in Korea-Japan Relations

Miae Jung 1

1국민대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

After the Liberation, the history of the Korea-Japan relations has moved back and forth, from political antagonism to economic cooperation, and again to tensions concerning understanding history. Although the Korean and Japanese governments should maintain their economic cooperation under tripartite alliance led by the United States, understanding history has not been resolved between Korea and Japan. History is not only the memory of the past but also the problem of the present. In this paper, I focus on the role of civil society as the major actor in the Korea-Japan relations under the framework of new governance theory. The premise is that the Korean-Japan relations could be enhanced according to more extensive engagement of civil society on history issues between two countries. Unlike government, which could not change their basic foreign policy doctrines, civil society could be more flexible to make compromises because of its ideal-driven and informal characteristics. This paper examines two cases as the successful cases of cooperations between Korea and Japan civil societies. Firstly, there have been the continuing cooperations between the Korean and Japanese civil society groups for thwarting official adaptations of the right-wing textbooks written by the so-called Tsukurukai (the Japanese Society for History Textbook Reform). In addition, several Korean and Japanese civil society groups have cooperated in order to help the victims by the forced mobilization under the Japanese colonialism including “comfort women” who served as sex slaves for Japanese soldiers during World War Ⅱ. As a result of this research, I argue for the possibility of more desirable Korea-Japan relations throughout the civil societies of the two countries in the 21st century.

Citation status

* References for papers published after 2023 are currently being built.

This paper was written with support from the National Research Foundation of Korea.