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The Failure of Carl Shoup’s Tax Reform and Formation of Low Burden Tax System in Japan

Eun Min Su 1

1경기대학교

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ABSTRACT

After the second world war, America dispatched Shoup mission to Japan for financial strategy. Most of money doctors represented American financial interests, and they often sought to strengthen tax systems in order to expedite the repayment of creditors. But tax experts such as shoup believed promoting equitable tax distribution, fiscal capacity, democracy could work together. Greater tax equity and a government more committed to social justice, they confirmed, could increase public confidence in government and, thereby, strengthen the fiscal capacity, in turn contributing forming democracy. Although shoup and his collegues demanded base-broadening tax reforms because of ways in which those reforms can promote horizontal equity, economic efficiency, trust in government, and a vibrant public sector, Shoup’ plan failed after america changed strategy to reverse course and japan government revised economic strategy. Since then, dependency to corporation tax, tax relief to individual savings, deficiency of taxation consensus, high dependency to debt for governmental finance have been proceed to direction shoup did not want. As a result, tax system based to direct taxation have been maintained to present, especially low burden tax system which allowed various tax exemption and deduction, and depended deficit financing have been developed.

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

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* References for papers published after 2023 are currently being built.

This paper was written with support from the National Research Foundation of Korea.
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