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@article{ART002943147},
author={Yun-Young Kyung and CIN BEOM CHEOL and Young-Seok Lee and Tae-Hyun Lee},
title={Unraveling the Relationship Between Self-Esteem and Underemployment A Machine Learning Approach},
journal={Journal of Asia-Pacific Studies},
issn={1225-8539},
year={2023},
volume={30},
number={1},
pages={179-203},
doi={10.18107/japs.2023.30.1.006}

TY - JOUR
AU - Yun-Young Kyung
AU - CIN BEOM CHEOL
AU - Young-Seok Lee
AU - Tae-Hyun Lee
TI - Unraveling the Relationship Between Self-Esteem and Underemployment A Machine Learning Approach
JO - Journal of Asia-Pacific Studies
PY - 2023
VL - 30
IS - 1
PB - Institute of Global Affairs
SP - 179
EP - 203
SN - 1225-8539
AB - This paper uses the job competition theory to explore causes and procedures of underemployment by adapting structural aspects of the labor market. The paper empirically investigates determinants of underemployment by employing random forests. It pays a special attention to self-esteem as a key variable to determine whether or not the labor force status is that of underemployment. For the empirical analyses, a dataset of Youth Panel 2007(YP2007) is utilized, ranging from the 5th to 12th dataset. Methods and results of the analyses are as follows. Random forests take 84 independent variables into account including individual characteristics, personal background, types of jobs, job-search experience, and self-esteem. As a result, a model 1 for underemployment based on education is created, with 94% accuracy, 92% sensitivity, and 96% specificity. A model 2 for underemployment based on technology levels is also created with 93% accuracy, 92% sensitivity, and 95% specificity. Both models find that there is high variable importance such as lists of industrial occupations, business locations, monthly average income, along with self-esteem variables. To conclude, the analysis of random forests finds that self-esteem is predictive in determining underemployment. This paper considers the main determinant of underemployment with particular interest as self-esteem, which is an integral, albeit overlooked explanatory variable. As the result found that high self-esteem plays a key role to appropriate job transitions, methods for education in improving self-esteem are needed. Timely education is incredibly important. Self-esteem is shaped in the teenage years and from young and preschool periods. Once formed, self-esteem tends to be resistant to change. Also, the process of molding and forming self-esteem is influenced by environments around the person. Therefore, targets for education should be broadened into - not to mention young children - surrounding people including parents and teachers. Further research is needed to explore the specific path of how levels of self-esteem affects preparation procedures for jobs and closely analyze how levels of self-esteem influence career outcomes.
KW - Self-Esteem;Underemployment;Machine Learning;Random Forests;Predictive Model
DO - 10.18107/japs.2023.30.1.006
ER -

Yun-Young Kyung, CIN BEOM CHEOL, Young-Seok Lee and Tae-Hyun Lee. (2023). Unraveling the Relationship Between Self-Esteem and Underemployment A Machine Learning Approach. Journal of Asia-Pacific Studies, 30(1), 179-203.

Yun-Young Kyung, CIN BEOM CHEOL, Young-Seok Lee and Tae-Hyun Lee. 2023, "Unraveling the Relationship Between Self-Esteem and Underemployment A Machine Learning Approach", Journal of Asia-Pacific Studies, vol.30, no.1 pp.179-203. Available from: doi:10.18107/japs.2023.30.1.006

Yun-Young Kyung, CIN BEOM CHEOL, Young-Seok Lee, Tae-Hyun Lee "Unraveling the Relationship Between Self-Esteem and Underemployment A Machine Learning Approach" Journal of Asia-Pacific Studies 30.1 pp.179-203 (2023) : 179.

Yun-Young Kyung, CIN BEOM CHEOL, Young-Seok Lee, Tae-Hyun Lee. Unraveling the Relationship Between Self-Esteem and Underemployment A Machine Learning Approach. 2023; 30(1), 179-203. Available from: doi:10.18107/japs.2023.30.1.006

Yun-Young Kyung, CIN BEOM CHEOL, Young-Seok Lee and Tae-Hyun Lee. "Unraveling the Relationship Between Self-Esteem and Underemployment A Machine Learning Approach" Journal of Asia-Pacific Studies 30, no.1 (2023) : 179-203.doi: 10.18107/japs.2023.30.1.006

Yun-Young Kyung; CIN BEOM CHEOL; Young-Seok Lee; Tae-Hyun Lee. Unraveling the Relationship Between Self-Esteem and Underemployment A Machine Learning Approach. Journal of Asia-Pacific Studies, 30(1), 179-203. doi: 10.18107/japs.2023.30.1.006

Yun-Young Kyung; CIN BEOM CHEOL; Young-Seok Lee; Tae-Hyun Lee. Unraveling the Relationship Between Self-Esteem and Underemployment A Machine Learning Approach. Journal of Asia-Pacific Studies. 2023; 30(1) 179-203. doi: 10.18107/japs.2023.30.1.006

Yun-Young Kyung, CIN BEOM CHEOL, Young-Seok Lee, Tae-Hyun Lee. Unraveling the Relationship Between Self-Esteem and Underemployment A Machine Learning Approach. 2023; 30(1), 179-203. Available from: doi:10.18107/japs.2023.30.1.006

Yun-Young Kyung, CIN BEOM CHEOL, Young-Seok Lee and Tae-Hyun Lee. "Unraveling the Relationship Between Self-Esteem and Underemployment A Machine Learning Approach" Journal of Asia-Pacific Studies 30, no.1 (2023) : 179-203.doi: 10.18107/japs.2023.30.1.006