2019, Vol.19, No.2

Journal of the Korean Cartographic Association 2023 KCI Impact Factor : 1.34

pISSN : 1598-6160
https://journal.kci.go.kr/jkca

"This study aimed to question the disagreement between the entity (Dokseom, Dokdo) and the names (Usan and Seokdo) while the name of Usan disappeared and that of Seokdo appeared and to analyze the images of Dokseom (Dokdo) appearing in the maps and other materials manufactured in the Second Half of the Joseon Dynasty and the names of Usan and Seokdo in the context of awareness and mapping of the entity to answer the questions about the entity of Dokseom and the names of Usan and Seokdo. Around the seventeenth century, the Joseon Dynasty was fully aware of the entity of Dokdo, which was indicated clearly on the maps as people at that time understood it. However, it seems that the long-term repatriation policy had made the geographical information about Dokdo somewhat uncertain for a hundred years or so. These problems were still found in 「Cheonggudo」 and the initial version of 「Daedongyeojido」 ; then, these repetitive errors were corrected by Kim Jeong-ho’s careful investigation around 1861. In summary, 「Dongyeodo」 and 「Daedongyeojido」, both of which are nationwide maps manufactured by Kim Jeong-ho in the Second Half of the Joseon Dynasty, have a clear indication of Dokdo."

The purpose of this study is to identify the characteristics of naming on marine geographical features around the Korean peninsula by western countries during 1787 through 1910. In order to do this, firstly, we collected 11 journals of voyages, 5 survey reports, and 45 nautical charts, and 3 gazetteers published by Britain, France, Russia, and the U.S. Secondly, we chronologically summarized the history of hydrographic survey around the Korean peninsula based on these sources. Thirdly, 118 marine geographical names were extracted and the origins of them were inferred. Lastly, we classified 118 marine geographical names into four types: descriptive, emotive, shift, and commemorative (person, ship, non-living entity) in terms of name origins. Results were as follows. Firstly, the hydrographic survey of the Korean peninsula began in France in 1787, and was actively conducted by Britain, United States and Russia. The east coast was explored in detail by Russia, the south coast was conducted by UK, and the west coast was surveyed by France, UK, and the United States. Secondly, for naming types, commemorative person type (39%) was the most preferred one, followed by commemorative ship (21%, descriptive (13%), shift (11%), non-living entity (8%), and emotive (4%) types. Thirdly, western countries preferred commemorative type in naming marine geographical features, in particular, Russia and U.S were more concentrated in commemorative type than U.K and France were. Lastly, France and U.S showed decreasing trend of naming marine geographical features after 1877, on the other hand, U.K and Russia showed an increasing trend.

The purpose of this study is to examine the content of East Asian geography described by William Dampier who contributed to the development of Enlightenment geography. For this, I reviewed the geography contents of East Asia described by Dampier. As a result of the study, Dampier’s maps on trade winds and ocean current provide invaluable description about East Asian maritime information at the time, and he defined that typhoons and hurricanes were same phenomena as the same type of tropical storm. I have also confirmed that detailed information of politics, religion, commerce, etc. that can not be found in other navigation narrative is described. The contents dealt in his travel reports can be used as a material on the future study for the British perception of East Asia of the eighteenth century.