This study deals with Hōkun (Japanese usage) in 10 radicals of Chinese characters, To-bu, San-bu, Shin-bu, Sui-bu, Gyoku-bu, Seki-bu, Shi-bu, I-bu, Soku-bu, Gen-bu of Daikanwajiten (大漢和辞典).
Daikanwajiten contains 144 Hōkuns in 110 characters of 10 kinds of radicals.
At first, we compared these instances with those of Kokanwajiten (広漢和辞典) and Kanjikai (漢辞海). As a result, it appears that 82 Hōkuns in 74 characters are dealt with as Hōkun in these three dictionaries. However, there are some cases where although the Hōkuns are the same, the meaning is different, and only 80 Hōkuns in 73 characters have the same meaning in all three dictionaries.
Likewise, the range of recognized Hōkuns differs depending on the direction of edition or references used for edition.
Second, we investigated the 144 Hōkuns in Kanchiinbon Ruijumyōgisyō (観智院本類聚名義抄) which was compiled in the 1200s. As a result, only 43 Hōkuns in 41 characters (about 30%) were found. There is a high possibility that these 43 instances were already used as Japanese usage when Kanchiinbon was compiled. However, we cannot confirm whether or not they had the same meaning as those of Daikanwajiten, because Kanchiinbon did not contain the meanings of words. Further, 95 Hōkuns in 64 characters are contained in the index of Kanchiinbon, but these instances are not contained in Daikanwajiten. These instances may have been used as Japanese usage after the 13th century. However, 5 characters (惘, 沁, 没, 泌, 礑 ) are not contained in the index of Kanchiinbon.
Finally, we investigated Kangxizidian, a Chinese old dictionary, in order to confirm whether or not the 144 Hōkuns were used only in Japan. There are 274 meanings in the 144 Hōkuns, and 15 meanings are also confirmed in Kangxizidian. Therefore these meanings were not admitted as Japanese usage because they were used in the Chinese language already.