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A Contrastive Study on '너무' and 'あまり' between Korean and Japanese

  • The Japanese Language Association of Korea
  • Abbr : JLAK
  • 2019, (61), pp.91-111
  • DOI : 10.14817/jlak.2019.61.91
  • Publisher : The Japanese Language Association Of Korea
  • Research Area : Humanities > Japanese Language and Literature
  • Received : June 28, 2019
  • Accepted : August 9, 2019
  • Published : September 20, 2019

LEE CHUNG KYU 1

1서원대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

This study set out to examine '너무' and 'あまり' from the perspective of contrastive linguistics and figure out their similarities and differences in the 1)morphology, 2)syntax and 3)semantic domain. The main findings were as follows: (1) '넘' the colloquial form of '너무' was made by the elimination of the vowel '우', whereas 'あんまり' the colloquial form of 'あまり' was made by the addition of the consonant 'ん'. (2) In some cases, a negative evaluation of a sentence using '너무+affirmative predicate' would change to a positive evaluation after the insertion of the adverb '잘'. There were no cases in which a negative evaluation of a sentence using 'あまり+affirmative predicate' would change to a positive evaluation after the insertion of the adverb 'よく'. (3) Such corresponding forms in the ソ line as 'そんなに・そんな・そこまで' were easier to occur in '너무+negative predicate' constructions, whereas those of '~すぎる' were easier to occur in '너무+affirmative predicate' constructions. (4) While '너무' was originally used to emphasize a negative meaning, 'あまり' was originally used to be combined with a positive predicate and emphasize it. Later, both of them expanded in their meanings: the former got to emphasize a positive meaning, as well, and the latter got to combine with a negative predicate. As a result, The use to emphasize an affirmative predicate in '너무' constructions were able to contain such adverbs and compound verbs as 'あまりに・あまりにも' 'すごく・本当に・とても・全 然・かなり・大変・なかなか・ものすごく・非常に・ずいぶん・たくさん' '~すぎる' in their corresponding forms. The use to modify a negative predicate in 'あまり' constructions was able to contain such adverbs as '그다지・그리・별로' in their corresponding forms.

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