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The Dreams and Mobility of Urbantopia: “Shelter Space” in Contemporary Art

Chung Yeon Shim 1

1홍익대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

This article examines the yearning for mobility and the “inflatable” projects in the works of Buckminster Fuller in order to find specific case studies in which architects attempted to find better solutions for dwellings in contemporary society. By looking at Buckminster Fuller’s “4 D” space and the journal called Shelter for which he worked as an editor, I analyze his concepts of “comprehensive design” and “autonomous 4D dwelling,” which are by themselves sustainable. Since these examples were realized around 1929, during the Great Depression, we find Fuller’s contribution to the communal purpose of housing of the era. The second chapter looks at counter-cultural actions and criticism initiated by the Ant Farm Group on the West Coast of the United States. Although the members created “inflatable dwellings” in which events, lectures, and other social activities took place, these shelters were easy to build and demolish. The third chapter explores the return of the social in contemporary art, by examining Tomas Saraceno, Oscar Tuazon, Michael Rakowitz, Andrea Zittel, and so on. This article, in particular, traces the historical references in the development of “smart shelter” in which I am working as one of the researchers, and this paper constructs the historical references in relation to “shelter” space as a site of human dwelling, a site of mobility and homelessness, a site of interpersonal communication, and a site of humanitarian healing space in the twentieth century.

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* References for papers published after 2023 are currently being built.

This paper was written with support from the National Research Foundation of Korea.
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