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@article{ART001965025},
author={Kwon,Pyong-Ro and Park, Jong-Hee},
title={The phonetic value of ‘ㆁ’ in HUNMINGEONGEUM},
journal={Korean Language and Literature},
issn={1229-3946},
year={2015},
volume={58},
number={58},
pages={5-27},
doi={10.23016/kllj.2015.58.58.5}

TY - JOUR
AU - Kwon,Pyong-Ro
AU - Park, Jong-Hee
TI - The phonetic value of ‘ㆁ’ in HUNMINGEONGEUM
JO - Korean Language and Literature
PY - 2015
VL - 58
IS - 58
PB - 국어문학회
SP - 5
EP - 27
SN - 1229-3946
AB - In this paper I aimed to explain the phonetic value of ‘ㆁ’ in MiddleKorean. This phonetic value has traditionally been recognized as a softvelar sound /ŋ/ by many pioneer researchers. However the descriptions ofHUNMINGEONGEUM seemed to tell us its value as a uvular not a softvelar sound. Since uvulars are produced with aryepiglottic constriction, theuvular should be included in the Laryngeal Vocal Tract. It is apparentlyincluded in the Oral Vocal Tract because uvular articulation is a functionof independent movement of the tongue. However, uvulars quintessentiallystraddle the border between the two vocal tracts, and their productioninvolves both. Uvulars are produced with movement of the tongue andaction of the laryngeal constrictor. The latter is what makes them uvularsinstead of velars. We must approve that the aryepiglottic folds was the principalarticulator in Middle Korean. At that period we frequently found thedeletion of ‘ㄱ’ contrary to the contemporary Korean. The reason why thisdeletion occurred productively at that time this sound was the uvular whichwas weaker than the velar. If the point of articulation were to descend towards a lower pharynx theuvular could be lowered resulting to open the passage of a nasal cavity. By【Abstracts】訓民正音의 異體字 ‘ㆁ’ 음가 27this operation of the vocal organization nasal sound ‘ㆁ’ could be produced. Consequently I insisted that ‘ㆁ’, ‘ㄱ’ was uvular /ɴ/, /q/ respectively untilthe late of the 16th Century. Uvulars, pharyngeals and laryngeals except velars were made up of anatural class by a acoustic feature [high F1] and aryepiglottic constrictor. Therefore uvular ‘ㆁ’ could easily be confused with a laryngeal ‘ㅇ’ becausethese sounds were likely perceived by the hearer. This similarity ofacoustic images was catched at that time and so we should not tell thisdescription of HUNMINGEONGEUM as the fallacy. The ‘ㆁ’ could havebeen contrasted with the ‘ㅇ’ by dint of a [RTR](retracted tongue root)feature; the former was [+RTR] and the other [-RTR]. I assumed that thephonetic value of laryngeal ‘ㅇ’ was a slack glottal stop following theearlier my suggestion. On the basis of two dimensions which was theopening degrees of a glottis and the slackness of a vocal cords, thelaryngeals of Middle Korean could systematically be analyzed. The leastweak sound ‘ㅇ’ functioned as the initial position marker of a vowel syllableand the trace of a deleted segment. The concept of a trace had the samemeaning as the empty string which was represented by the separatewriting of the coda from the following vowel initial syllable.
KW - uvulars;pharyngeal and laryngeal;aryepiglottic constriction;natural class;acoustic feature [high F1];empty string
DO - 10.23016/kllj.2015.58.58.5
ER -

Kwon,Pyong-Ro and Park, Jong-Hee. (2015). The phonetic value of ‘ㆁ’ in HUNMINGEONGEUM. Korean Language and Literature, 58(58), 5-27.

Kwon,Pyong-Ro and Park, Jong-Hee. 2015, "The phonetic value of ‘ㆁ’ in HUNMINGEONGEUM", Korean Language and Literature, vol.58, no.58 pp.5-27. Available from: doi:10.23016/kllj.2015.58.58.5

Kwon,Pyong-Ro, Park, Jong-Hee "The phonetic value of ‘ㆁ’ in HUNMINGEONGEUM" Korean Language and Literature 58.58 pp.5-27 (2015) : 5.

Kwon,Pyong-Ro, Park, Jong-Hee. The phonetic value of ‘ㆁ’ in HUNMINGEONGEUM. 2015; 58(58), 5-27. Available from: doi:10.23016/kllj.2015.58.58.5

Kwon,Pyong-Ro and Park, Jong-Hee. "The phonetic value of ‘ㆁ’ in HUNMINGEONGEUM" Korean Language and Literature 58, no.58 (2015) : 5-27.doi: 10.23016/kllj.2015.58.58.5

Kwon,Pyong-Ro; Park, Jong-Hee. The phonetic value of ‘ㆁ’ in HUNMINGEONGEUM. Korean Language and Literature, 58(58), 5-27. doi: 10.23016/kllj.2015.58.58.5

Kwon,Pyong-Ro; Park, Jong-Hee. The phonetic value of ‘ㆁ’ in HUNMINGEONGEUM. Korean Language and Literature. 2015; 58(58) 5-27. doi: 10.23016/kllj.2015.58.58.5

Kwon,Pyong-Ro, Park, Jong-Hee. The phonetic value of ‘ㆁ’ in HUNMINGEONGEUM. 2015; 58(58), 5-27. Available from: doi:10.23016/kllj.2015.58.58.5

Kwon,Pyong-Ro and Park, Jong-Hee. "The phonetic value of ‘ㆁ’ in HUNMINGEONGEUM" Korean Language and Literature 58, no.58 (2015) : 5-27.doi: 10.23016/kllj.2015.58.58.5