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A Study on the Buddhist Texts Sponsored by the Royal Family in the Early Joseon Dynasty

  • Journal of Studies in Bibliography
  • Abbr : JSB
  • 2018, (74), pp.207~237
  • DOI : 10.17258/jib.2018..74.207
  • Publisher : Korean Society of Bibliography
  • Research Area : Interdisciplinary Studies > Library and Information Science
  • Received : May 18, 2018
  • Accepted : June 7, 2018

Kwak, Dong Hwa 1,  Kang, Soon-Ae 2

1한성대학교 학술정보관
2한성대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study is to shed light on the role of the early Joseon period’s Buddhist texts sponsored by the royal family, henceforth referred to as wangsilbon, in passing on Buddhist thinking and knowledge in Joseon society and the Buddhist world. In order to do this, I studied the state of the wangsilbon from the time of the early Joseon period and analyzed the copying and publishing process as well as their bibliographical characteristics. The results of the study are summarized as follows. There are currently 56 wangsilbon volumes from the early Joseon period. By period of reign, Seongjong’s reign holds the greatest number with 19 volumes. It is followed by 17 volumes in the reign of Sejo, 11 for Sejong, 4 for Yeonsangun, 3 for Taejong, 1 for Yejong and 1 with Munjong. By theme they are classified into 29 Buddhist scriptures, 11 volumes related to Zen and Cheontae Buddhism, 6 volumes on ceremonies and rituals, 6 commentaries and 5 volumes of Korean Buddhist works. Of these, 3 are Hangul compilations and 11 are Korean translations. Analysis results of the wangsilbon by period can be summarized as follows. First, in the reign of King Taejong, there are the two publications Neungeomgyeong and Myobeopyeonhwagyeong by Taesang King Taejo and Gamjieunnimyobeopyeonhwagyeong sourced by Grand Prince Ikan to pray for the long life and peace and the repose of the souls of Taejo, Jeongjong, Taejong and Queen Shinui. Second, in the Sejong and Myeongjong eras, the Sejong Myeongchanbon Seokbosangjeol, Wolincheongang, Sariyeongeungi, and Myobeopyeonghwagyeong were all published in the First Cast Gapinja type. Wangsilbon were copied and published to pray for the longevity and departed soul of royal family members, lead by Grand Prince Hyoryung, Grand Prince Anpyeong, Grand Prince Yeongeung and royal noble consort Kim. Third, many publications took place in the time of Sejo to pray for the departed soul of Crown Prince Uigyeong. Among them, Wolinseokbo uses each verse of Wolincheongangjigok as its text and uses the Seokbosangjeol as footnotes after expanding and editing the latter. It is a precious resource to observe the early transition process of the Hunminjeonggeum. Sejo commanded the Korean translation and editing of the Eonhae edition of Neungeomgyeong to Shinmi, Hakyeol and Hakjo, which was then published in the Eulhae typeface. There is an Eulhae type print of Wongakgyeong in Chinese characters and a Hangul version in Eullyu type print. Two versions of Myobeopyeonhwagyeong were conveyed in the royal court, one sourced by Crown Prince Uigyeong’s queen of the Han clan and one by Grand Prince Gwangpyeong’s princess consort of the Shin clan. Fourth, the wangsilbon in the time of Yejong, Seongjong and Yeonsangun were all published by the royal family’s Queen Dowager and Princess. In Sungjong’s time, Jeonghui and Queen Dowager Insu published the wangsilbon to pray for the departed souls of the late king and queen and for the happiness and peace of Seongjong and his queen. Queen Jeonghui had the Eonhae type editions of Geumganggyeongsamgahae and Yeongadaesajeungdoganammyeongjeonseonsagyesong edited by Hakjo and published by the Royal Treasury; the two works had been translated into Korean but not edited during the time of Sejo. Queen Dowager Insu published Buljeongsimdaranigyeong and Ohdaejineon, which were translated to Korean by Hakjo. In the time of Yeonsangun, Queen Dowager Insu and King Seongjong’s wife Queen Jeonghyeon took out Buddhist texts from Wongak Temple to pray for the repose of Seongjong’s soul. At this time they used the privy purse to create and use wooden type prints and Hangul prints that were lacking; these wooden print types are called ingyeong-ja.

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