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A Study on the Popular National Consciousness through the Ideological Transition Process of Yi Yuk-sa

Kim, Yun-jeong 1

1강릉원주대학교

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ABSTRACT

Based on the biographical life of Yi Yuk-sa, this article is devoted to determining his thoughts by tracing his ideological trajectory and examining how it is poeticized. Yi Yuk-sa, often defined as a poet of national origin and a poet of resistance, is considered an nationalism poet. Nationalism is an ideology that maintains the uniqueness and excellence of the people based on the long-standing historical consciousness of the species. This nationalism has been developed in a reactionary way in the history of international affairs. This is because nationalism often builds the identity of its own people through aggression against other peoples. Nationalism tends to demonstrate its superiority as dominance over an inferior nation. The implication of nationalism has led our independence activists to give up their nationalism ideology and pursue a new one that can go beyond it. It is Anarchism and Socialism. Yi Yuk-sa also takes Anakism and Socialism sequentially. This can be seen through the organization that Yi Yuk-sa was involved in and his commentaries. Regarding the Anakism, it can be suggested based on the circumstances of his stay in Japan in 1924 and when he joined the Black Friendship Society or the Military Academy in China in 1932, respectively, and in relation to socialism, he returned to Korea after graduating from the Military Academy and was involved in the Daegu Youth League, a socialist organization. As the ideological trajectory of Yi Yuk-sa leads from nationalism to anarchism and from Anakism to socialism, the poetic symbols of Yi Yuk-sa should be explained in this regard. However, each idea is accepted sequentially but the previous one is not abandoned in a single order. In the process of dialectical sublation in which each element of thought is selectively taken on a certain basis, Yi Yuk-sa’s thought becomes a complex one. This means that Yuk-sa's poems should be understood in an integrated, three-dimensional way, as a result of overcoming the sublation of these ideas, instead of being explained simply by nationalism, anarchism, or the single socialism. From this point of view, it can be seen that the most fundamental factor that led to the spirit of Yi was related to the ideal system in an independent country that he dreamed of. And it can be seen that it constitutes the liberation of the people, the workers, the peasants-centered, marginalized people, not the people of the past privileged class or of the bourgeoisie. This view is to reject Yi's sense of past privilege and to unite the class division and confrontation of the past dynasties. In this regard, the ideological content of the Yi Yuk-sa is not merely a futuristic and conceptual character, but rather an inevitable connotation derived based on his biological basis. So, the history of the Yi Yuk-sa has devoted itself to realizing the most ideal nation in the most threatening manner at the forefront of the independence movement

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