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The Exchange of Buddhist Culture between Baekje and Japan, and Iksan

  • Religions of Korea
  • 2019, 46(0), pp.5~22
  • Publisher : The Research Center of Religions
  • Research Area : Humanities > Religious Studies
  • Published : August 15, 2019

Yang,Eun-Yong 1

1한일문화연구원

Candidate

ABSTRACT

Baekje and Japan maintained close relations focusing on the exchange of the Buddhist religion. In the period of King Mu (600-641) the transfer of the capital to Iksan was completed. If we examine the record of that time, we are able to learn that relations between two nations were very friendly. Exchanges with regard to Buddhism were conducted in various forms such as the coming and going of monks, the introduction of images of Buddha, maintenance of government structures, and Buddhist works of construction. Some of these activities or exchanges would have been centered around Iksan. When King Mu of Baekje constructed the palace that is presently located at Wanggung-myeon, Iksan-si, he erected the great Mireuk Temple as an outer temple at a location 4-5 km outside the palace castle. It became a key site and central part of the Maitreya (mireuk) faith of Korea and before and after the construction important elements related to this faith were imparted to Japan as many Maitreya images were conveyed to that country. Following the example of King Mu, when Emperor Denchi (天智天皇) transferred the capital from Aska (飛鳥) to Otsu (大津) in 667, he established Sofukuji Temple (崇福寺), a Maitreya site of worship, as an outer temple 3-4 km to the north-west of the palace castle. The fact that, even after the collapse of Baekje (660), the administrative and political system of Baekje was implemented generation after generation in Japan shows that a close relationship existed between two countries and that there was a particular focus on Buddhist exchanges. That is why various relics and artifacts related to Baekje that were passed down can still be seen in Japan to this day.

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