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Humour quand même -Requisitioning Laughter in Vichy France-

  • Korean Review of French History
  • Abbr : KRFH
  • 2022, (46), pp.97~141
  • DOI : 10.51786/RCHF.2022.02.46.97
  • Publisher : KOREAN SOCIETY FOR FRENCH HISTORY
  • Research Area : Humanities > History
  • Received : January 15, 2022
  • Accepted : February 14, 2022
  • Published : February 28, 2022

Chad Denton 1

1연세대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

Why and how was political humor mobilized for ideological purposes in France during theSecond World War? This article addresses this question through a case study of cartoonsand satirical texts published in Lyon, France from September 1941 to July 1944 thatcommented, either indirectly or directly, on the requisition of non-ferrous metals by theVichy regime. These metals, such as copper pots and pans, bronze statues, or tincountertops, ultimately contributed to German armament production, making these voluntaryand forced collections a politically sensitive issue and a frequent topic of Vichy andResistance propaganda. Close readings of the “metal requisition humor” that appeared in awide variety of publications in Lyon, coupled with archival records from the municipal andprefectural government, and a careful attention to the changing political situation, showshow cartoonists and satirists inserted explicit or hidden messages to support the ideologicalgoals of Vichy or the Resistance. In particular, several cartoonists sympathetic with the leftdeployed a clandestine humor (“humour de contrebande”) in the guise of innocent, harmlesscartoons published in the Vichy family and youth press. Yet following the Germanre-occupation of Lyon in November 1942, this kind of humor became more textual thanvisual, and was prominently used by the local Resistance movements to win over the heartsand minds of Lyon’s inhabitants.

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