2015, Vol.85, No.

The Korea Spatial Planning Review 2023 KCI Impact Factor : 1.2

pISSN : 1229-8638
https://journal.kci.go.kr/krihs

The importance of forest functions has been increasing due to climate change, but current forest management system is limited to reflect it. Particularly, identical amounts of ‘Expenses Incurred in Creating Forest Replacement Resources’ are charged to every single forests regardless of its forest functions. This study suggests ‘Forest Conservation Charge’ applying a concept of ‘complete restoration’ of forest functions. The charge is calculated by using ‘public benefit magnification table’ and ‘location coefficient’ which are derived from characteristics of forest physiognomy and location. A case study shows that different amounts of the charge are imposed on every single forests according to its characteristics. For instance, the charge for complete restoration would be incurred in a forest with the highest public function three times more than with the lowest.

In this study, the characteristic analysis of geomancy and terrain for forty mountains named of Oknyeobong using digital elevation model is conducted to examine the geomantic meaning in a modern point of view. According to the pandect of place names, shape type of Oknyeobong is categorized as Sanbal, Danjang, Danjwa, Tangeum, Jikgeum, and Geumban. As terrain analysis results, types of Sanbal, Danjang and Danjwa showed high elevation and large scale which are related to the shape of dressing up whereas types of Tangeum, Jikgeum, and Geumban showed low elevation and small scale which are related to the shape of everyday life. After analyze the shapes based on the four animal theory, the principle points are located in the middle of Oknyeobongs and mountains facing to them have smaller scale than the principle peaks which means that the existing geomancy theory has numerically significant. Mountains in position of right and left side of principle point which are called as blue dragon and white tiger points in the four animal theory showed shape of protecting the principle point from winds with slightly higher elevation than the principle point. Oknyeobong’s peaks showed slightly steep and bilaterally symmetric shape. As results of average elevation angle, Oknyeobong showed visually stable shape.

Chonsei has been treated as unique tenure type of Korea. However, a few literatures argue that some countries, India and Bolivia, have similar contract type in their housing market. This study reviewed the previous studies on origin and history of Chonsei and Antichresis, worldwide version of Chonsei. The results show that Chonsei is not unique contract type of Korean housing rental market. India also has Indian version of Chonsei, girvi in Surat and bogey in Bangalore. In Bolivia, Anticretico is popular across the country. The Anticretico has some different characteristics from Korean Chonsei while it is same contract type in terms of lump sum deposit without monthly rent. The deposit to price ratio is about 25% to 40% in Anticretico wheres Chonsei deposit is about 60% to 80% of sales price. Anticretico contract should be registered in Real Estate Office. Anticretico is minor rental contract type, 3.5% share in 2012, compare to monthly rent, 15.9%. The tenants of Anticretico should pay tax include VAT and registration tax while Chonsei tenants are tax free related to the contract. The results imply that Chonsei has longer history and more popular than was believed in Korea. Therefore, usefulness of Chonsei should be reconsidered for low-income tenants’ residential stability especially in developing countries.