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Assessing Social Acceptability of Nature-based Solutions: A Spatial Constructionist Approach to Flood Risk Perception

Hyeongsu Koo 1,  Jisoo Sim 2

1국토연구원
2부산대학교

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ABSTRACT

As the limitations of structural flood‑control measures have become evident, nature‑based solutions (NbS) have emerged as a promising alternative. Despite their benefits, substantial obstacles remain to scaling up NbS in practice, foremost among them the need to alleviate residents’ concerns about unfamiliar interventions. In this study, we measured flood risk perceptions among residents of Gurye‑gun and applied the ALARP (As Low As Reasonably Practicable) concept from quantitative risk assessment to define stages of acceptability. Based on these results, we derived spatial acceptability thresholds for flood risk and analyzed how social acceptability changes when NbS are installed. The findings indicate that perceived flood risk is spatially non‑random, tending to be higher in areas that have experienced inundation or lie adjacent to rivers. Nevertheless, some localities displayed the opposite pattern, confirming the existence of gaps between objective hazard and subjective perception. We further show that strategically installing NbS to reduce inundation in areas where risk perceptions are spatially fixed can substantially enhance social acceptability. This suggests that, rather than relying solely on ex post remedial measures, planners can identify more socially acceptable configurations from the outset by conducting simulation experiments during the early co‑design phase.

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