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The Effects of Shading Characteristics by Space within an Apartment Complex on Changes in Light Environment and Tree Growth

  • Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
  • Abbr : J EIA
  • 2026, 35(5), pp.348~361
  • Publisher : Korean Society Of Environmental Impact Assessment
  • Research Area : Engineering > Environmental Engineering
  • Received : June 30, 2026
  • Accepted : September 11, 2026
  • Published : October 31, 2026

Lee Seonghun ORD ID 1,  Kim, Chan-Beom ORD ID 1,  June Yang 2,  Min Soo Kim 2,  Yeon Wook Jeong 2,  Hak Koo Kim 1,  Sol Bee Park 1,  Jun Ha Paek 1,  Jun Seop Lee 1,  Jin On Kwon 1,  Jin On Kwon 1

1한국수목원정원관리원
2삼성물산

Accredited

ABSTRACT

The high-rise and high-density development of apartment complexes creates complex microclimates. However, conventional landscape planting has often failed to accurately reflect these environmental characteristics, heavily relying on designers' intuition or simple compass directions. Therefore, this study aimed to quantitatively categorize spatial shading characteristics formed by buildings and to investigate the impact of differences in the light environment (light intensity and R:FR ratio) on the actual growth (diameter at root collar) of landscape trees. For this purpose, 36 standard plots across six apartment complexes were investigated. Using hemispherical photography, the sky obstruction ratio and the number of buildings in eight directions were calculated. Subsequently, the spaces were classified into Open, Partially shaded, and Completely shaded types through K-Means clustering analysis. Following this, the light environment and the annual root collar diameter growth of the planted trees were statistically compared across the spatial types. The results confirmed that unconditionally open spaces are not the optimal environments for tree growth. The overall tree growth was the highest in the partially shaded spaces (p<0.001). Furthermore, the light environment analysis revealed that although the partially shaded spaces had a lower total light intensity than the open spaces, they maintained the essential light quality (R:FR ratio) crucial for plant growth at the highest and most stable levels during the day. This study is significant as it quantitatively classifies spaces within apartment complexes and empirically proves that appropriate shading can actually foster a positive light environment for tree growth. These findings can serve as fundamental data for future landscape tree selection and the establishment of planting guidelines that accurately reflect spatial characteristics.

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