@article{ART002505074},
author={Seong-Kwang Kevin Kim},
title={The Use of Hosea 11:1 in Matthew 2:15},
journal={Korean Journal of Old Testament Studies},
issn={1229-0521},
year={2019},
volume={25},
number={3},
pages={102-129},
doi={10.24333/jkots.2019.25.3.102}
TY - JOUR
AU - Seong-Kwang Kevin Kim
TI - The Use of Hosea 11:1 in Matthew 2:15
JO - Korean Journal of Old Testament Studies
PY - 2019
VL - 25
IS - 3
PB - Korean Society of Old Testament Studies
SP - 102
EP - 129
SN - 1229-0521
AB - This study deals with the relationship between Matt 2:15 and Hos 11:1. The way in which Matthew relates Hosea’s words “Out of Egypt I called my son” with Jesus’ journey to Egypt does not seem to fit for the original contextual meaning in Hos 11:1. First, in the original context of Hos 11:1, the sentence is not a “direct predictive prophecy” but a “reflection” about Israel’s past history (the exodus from Egypt). Second, Hosea is talking about the “nation Israel,” while Matthew is talking about the “individual Jesus.” Third, Hos 11:1 speaks of Israel’s “coming out of Egypt,” so its best place would be after 2:21, the return from Egypt. However, Matthew puts the quotation after Jesus’ “entering into Egypt.”
“Typology” may be a solution. Seeing Jesus as the “true Israel,” Matthew is offering a “Jesus as Israel” typology that involves both a comparison and a contrast. In contrast with Israel who failed to obey YHWH, Jesus was the obedient Son who completed all that Israel should have completed. As for Matthew, Hosea 11:1 was finally fulfilled as Jesus fled to Egypt.
Suggesting typology for understanding Matthew 2:15, the first two problems have been solved. However, the last problem still remains unsolved. Hosea’s own typological perspective may provide a solution. Matthew’s typological understanding was not his own perspective but something affected by Hosea’s typological understanding. The quotation in Matt 2:15 is not out of order, because the holy family’s flight to Egypt is an “inauguration of the packed typological Hos 11:1 reference.” The “out of Egypt, return to Egypt, and out of Egypt again” pattern itself is inseparable and is to be viewed as a whole package.
In this way, this study contributes to understanding not only the relationship between Matt 2:15 and Hos 11:1 but also how the New Testament authors use the Old Testament texts.
KW - The use of Hosea 11:1 in Matthew 2:15;Hosea 11:1;Matthew 2:15;Typology;Israel and Jesus;The use of the Old Testament in the New Testament;Matthew’s fulfillment quotation
DO - 10.24333/jkots.2019.25.3.102
ER -
Seong-Kwang Kevin Kim. (2019). The Use of Hosea 11:1 in Matthew 2:15. Korean Journal of Old Testament Studies, 25(3), 102-129.
Seong-Kwang Kevin Kim. 2019, "The Use of Hosea 11:1 in Matthew 2:15", Korean Journal of Old Testament Studies, vol.25, no.3 pp.102-129. Available from: doi:10.24333/jkots.2019.25.3.102
Seong-Kwang Kevin Kim "The Use of Hosea 11:1 in Matthew 2:15" Korean Journal of Old Testament Studies 25.3 pp.102-129 (2019) : 102.
Seong-Kwang Kevin Kim. The Use of Hosea 11:1 in Matthew 2:15. 2019; 25(3), 102-129. Available from: doi:10.24333/jkots.2019.25.3.102
Seong-Kwang Kevin Kim. "The Use of Hosea 11:1 in Matthew 2:15" Korean Journal of Old Testament Studies 25, no.3 (2019) : 102-129.doi: 10.24333/jkots.2019.25.3.102
Seong-Kwang Kevin Kim. The Use of Hosea 11:1 in Matthew 2:15. Korean Journal of Old Testament Studies, 25(3), 102-129. doi: 10.24333/jkots.2019.25.3.102
Seong-Kwang Kevin Kim. The Use of Hosea 11:1 in Matthew 2:15. Korean Journal of Old Testament Studies. 2019; 25(3) 102-129. doi: 10.24333/jkots.2019.25.3.102
Seong-Kwang Kevin Kim. The Use of Hosea 11:1 in Matthew 2:15. 2019; 25(3), 102-129. Available from: doi:10.24333/jkots.2019.25.3.102
Seong-Kwang Kevin Kim. "The Use of Hosea 11:1 in Matthew 2:15" Korean Journal of Old Testament Studies 25, no.3 (2019) : 102-129.doi: 10.24333/jkots.2019.25.3.102
