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The Meaning of Hosea 9:13 and Suggestions for Its Translation: In the Context of Hosea 9:10-17

  • Korean Journal of Old Testament Studies
  • Abbr : KJOTS
  • 2020, 26(4), pp.155-186
  • DOI : 10.24333/jkots.2020.26.4.155
  • Publisher : Korean Society of Old Testament Studies
  • Research Area : Humanities > Christian Theology
  • Received : September 29, 2020
  • Accepted : October 30, 2020

Hong, Seong Hyuk 1

1서울신학대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study is to suggest an appropriate translation of Hosea 9:13 after examining its meaning. Hosea 9:13 (MT) is hard to translate and understand. This is because it is difficult to find a meaning suitable for the context due to the lack of syntactical or grammatical regularity or the omission of words as well as limited understanding of socio-cultural background behind Hosea 9:13. To solve this problem, various translations have been attempted through spelling changes, corrections, and estimations based on textual criticism. However, there is a limit to a solution based on textual criticism alone. Thus, I tried to investigate the three issues raised in connection with the translation of Hosea 9:13 based on Hosea 9:10-17, which is the literary unit to which Hosea 9:13 belongs. First, I tried to show by the literary structure of the text that the act of leading out the children to the slayer in Hosea 9:13b is not a future event but a past event. This is because Hosea 9:13 shows that it is not a judgment that will take place in the future of Israel, but a charge of the past rebellion of serving Baal. Second, I argued that Tyre mentioned in Hosea 9:13a needs to be left as it is, instead of trying to find a different meaning through a change of spelling and syntax. In doing so, it was argued that it has the advantage of not only being well connected with the context of Yahweh's deprivation of life, but also revealing additional meanings in socio-cultural terms as an accusation against child sacrifices in Hosea 9:13. Third, from a grammatical point of view, Hosea 9:13b makes it clear through comparison what problem Tyre expressed in Hosea 9:13a relates to. In addition, it was argued that infinitive construct in Hosea 9:13b can be translated into a perfect form when viewed as emphatic lamed. This study shows the importance of not only grasping the verse to be translated in the literary context and structure, but also confirming the significance of the expressed words through socio-cultural background research. In addition, this study draws attention to the importance of clarifying the grammatical ambiguity of the verse itself through a grammatical explanation.

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