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Errors in Fermata Interpretation in the Korean Protestant Hymnal

  • Journal of the Korean Society for Musicology
  • Abbr : JKSM
  • 2025, 33(2), pp.145~204
  • DOI : 10.34303/mscol.2025.33.2.004
  • Publisher : The Korean Society for Musicology
  • Research Area : Arts and Kinesiology > Musicology > Other Musicology
  • Received : October 30, 2025
  • Accepted : December 5, 2025
  • Published : December 30, 2025

Shin-Kyung Bang 1

1성신여자대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

This study examines four representative hymns that display errors of fermatas in chorale interpretation in the Korean Protestant hymnal: Passion Chorale, St. Anne, Ein feste Burg, and Old Hundredth. The fermata symbol written in the chorale does not function as a prolongation, but rather, marks the end of the phrase as a convention of the time. However, in the Korean Protestant hymnal, this fermata symbol in hymns such as the ones mentioned above was mistaken for an elongation mark and marked in the score, resulting in the notes affixed to the fermata being sung two or three times in the congregational singing. To reveal such errors, this study compares and analyzes important versions of the four hymns in question, from the early versions to currently published hymnals. Even in the newly revised 21st Century Hymnal published in Korea in 2006 this fundamental and important error in the interpretation of the chorale still remains. It is hoped that the Korean Protestant hymnal will be able to correct the errors in the interpretation of the fermata and be published in a revised form.

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