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Acceptance and Transformation of the Stadial Theory of Social Development in Civilization through Geography Textbooks in 19th Century: Scotland-The United States-Japan-Korea

  • Journal of the Association of Korean Geographers
  • Abbr : JAKG
  • 2020, 9(3), pp.491-518
  • DOI : 10.25202/JAKG.9.3.4
  • Publisher : Association of Korean Geographers
  • Research Area : Social Science > Geography
  • Received : November 26, 2020
  • Accepted : December 11, 2020
  • Published : December 31, 2020

Tae-Yeol Seo 1 Yang Byung-il 2

1고려대학교 지리교육과
2부산교육대학교 사회과교육과

Accredited

ABSTRACT

This study tried to trace and unveil the process of accepting, transforming, borrowing and utilizing ideas and thoughts in the stadial theory of social development in civilization through geography textbooks in 19th century. It shows long journey from Europe through America to Asia, in which the stadial theory of social development in civilization starts first in Scotland in 18th century with three stages of savagery-barbarouscivilized, and moving toward The United States in the beginning of 19th century and accepted in Geography Textbook during almost 100 years in the transformed 4 stages or 5 stages type with adding the enlightened stage, in the late 19th century moving to Japan by Fukujawa Yukichi who visited New York and found the stadial theory in geography textbooks and Scottish Enlightenment books, finally moving toward Korea by Kil-Chun You who want to suggest the way toward enlightenment and civilization to Korean after studing in Japan and the United States.

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