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@article{ART003364102},
author={Young-Eun Kim and Daehyeok Kim and Lee Sanghun and Park Jeong Hwan},
title={A Comparative Study of Abdominal Pressure Pain Threshold and Pressure Depth According to Sasang Constitution},
journal={Journal of Sasang Constitution and Immune Medicine},
issn={1226-4075},
year={2026},
volume={38},
number={2},
pages={1-14}

TY - JOUR
AU - Young-Eun Kim
AU - Daehyeok Kim
AU - Lee Sanghun
AU - Park Jeong Hwan
TI - A Comparative Study of Abdominal Pressure Pain Threshold and Pressure Depth According to Sasang Constitution
JO - Journal of Sasang Constitution and Immune Medicine
PY - 2026
VL - 38
IS - 2
PB - The Society of Sasang Constitution and Immune Medicine
SP - 1
EP - 14
SN - 1226-4075
AB - Objectives : This study aimed to quantitatively evaluate differences in abdominal palpation responses according to Sasang constitutional type using pressure pain threshold (PPT) and pressure depth (PD). Methods : This retrospective cross-sectional study included 2,503 healthy adults from six Korean medicine hospitals (2020–2024). Sasang constitutional type was classified using the K-PRISM system. PPT (kgf) and PD (mm) were measured at CV4, CV12, and CV14 using a modified digital algometer. Constitutional differences among Tae-Eum, So-Yang, and So-Eum types were analyzed using nonparametric tests and linear mixed-effects models adjusted for sex, age, abdominal fat thickness, examination year, and institutional clustering. Results : In unadjusted analyses, PPT and PD differed significantly across constitutional types at all acupoints. In adjusted models, the main effect of constitution on PPT was not significant overall; however, significant acupoint effects and constitution-by-acupoint interactions were observed. At CV4, So-Yang and So-Eum showed higher adjusted PPT than Tae-Eum, whereas at CV14, So-Eum showed lower PPT. For PD, constitutional differences were significant overall and in females, with So-Eum showing shallower PD than Tae-Eum and So-Yang at CV12 and CV14. These differences were more pronounced in women. Conclusions : Abdominal palpation responses differed by Sasang constitutional type, with patterns varying by acupoint and sex. Quantitative assessment may provide objective supportive information for constitutional diagnosis. Further prospective studies in clinical populations are needed to verify diagnostic utility.
KW - Sasang constitution;Abdominal examination;Pressure pain threshold
DO -
UR -
ER -

Young-Eun Kim, Daehyeok Kim, Lee Sanghun and Park Jeong Hwan. (2026). A Comparative Study of Abdominal Pressure Pain Threshold and Pressure Depth According to Sasang Constitution. Journal of Sasang Constitution and Immune Medicine, 38(2), 1-14.

Young-Eun Kim, Daehyeok Kim, Lee Sanghun and Park Jeong Hwan. 2026, "A Comparative Study of Abdominal Pressure Pain Threshold and Pressure Depth According to Sasang Constitution", Journal of Sasang Constitution and Immune Medicine, vol.38, no.2 pp.1-14.

Young-Eun Kim, Daehyeok Kim, Lee Sanghun, Park Jeong Hwan "A Comparative Study of Abdominal Pressure Pain Threshold and Pressure Depth According to Sasang Constitution" Journal of Sasang Constitution and Immune Medicine 38.2 pp.1-14 (2026) : 1.

Young-Eun Kim, Daehyeok Kim, Lee Sanghun, Park Jeong Hwan. A Comparative Study of Abdominal Pressure Pain Threshold and Pressure Depth According to Sasang Constitution. 2026; 38(2), 1-14.

Young-Eun Kim, Daehyeok Kim, Lee Sanghun and Park Jeong Hwan. "A Comparative Study of Abdominal Pressure Pain Threshold and Pressure Depth According to Sasang Constitution" Journal of Sasang Constitution and Immune Medicine 38, no.2 (2026) : 1-14.

Young-Eun Kim; Daehyeok Kim; Lee Sanghun; Park Jeong Hwan. A Comparative Study of Abdominal Pressure Pain Threshold and Pressure Depth According to Sasang Constitution. Journal of Sasang Constitution and Immune Medicine, 38(2), 1-14.

Young-Eun Kim; Daehyeok Kim; Lee Sanghun; Park Jeong Hwan. A Comparative Study of Abdominal Pressure Pain Threshold and Pressure Depth According to Sasang Constitution. Journal of Sasang Constitution and Immune Medicine. 2026; 38(2) 1-14.

Young-Eun Kim, Daehyeok Kim, Lee Sanghun, Park Jeong Hwan. A Comparative Study of Abdominal Pressure Pain Threshold and Pressure Depth According to Sasang Constitution. 2026; 38(2), 1-14.

Young-Eun Kim, Daehyeok Kim, Lee Sanghun and Park Jeong Hwan. "A Comparative Study of Abdominal Pressure Pain Threshold and Pressure Depth According to Sasang Constitution" Journal of Sasang Constitution and Immune Medicine 38, no.2 (2026) : 1-14.