Origin and Diffusion of Equus caballus from the Archaeological and Genetic Perspectives (고고학 및 유전학적 연구결과를 중심으로 살펴본 사육 말의 기원과 확산에 관한 검토)

Jong Ha Hong (홍종하); Kang In Uk (강인욱); Dong Hoon Shin (신동훈); Jieun Kim (김지은)

doi:10.11637/aba.2020.33.2.57

Origin and Diffusion of Equus caballus from the Archaeological and Genetic Perspectives

Anatomy & Biological Anthropology
Abbr : Anat Biol Anthropol
2020, 33(2), pp.57~68
DOI : 10.11637/aba.2020.33.2.57
Publisher : 대한체질인류학회
Research Area : Medicine and Pharmacy > Anatomy
Received : March 19, 2020
Accepted : April 29, 2020
Published : July 1, 2020

Jong Ha Hong ¹, Kang In Uk ¹, Dong Hoon Shin ², Jieun Kim ²

¹경희대학교 한국 고대사·고고학연구소
²서울대학교 의과대학 해부학교실

Accredited

ABSTRACT

In terms of history, horses are domesticated animals that has most affected the development of human civilization. Genetic studies to date revealed that domesticated horses have extremely low Y chromosome polymorphism whereas their mitotypes are very diverse. This means that there was a genetic bottleneck by a few stallions that were first domesticated in the Eurasian steppe about 5,500 years ago. However, the most recent analyses also showed the possibility that wild horse’s gene might have been introgressed into the current genetic pool of Equus caballus during the spread of the domesticated horses. This review deals with the current view on the origin and diffusion of horses from archaeological, historical and genetic perspectives. Historical records of various types of horses raised on the Korean Peninsula have been found, but there is not much genetic research yet. According to historical records, the steppe horses introduced to the Korean Peninsula through Mongolia in the 13th century are believed to have greatly influenced the genotype of ancient Korean horses. However, it is clear that a lot of data is still needed to be academically convinced of this possibility, and genetic research on horse bones found at archaeological sites in Korea and East Asia needs to continue to be conducted in the future.

KEYWORDS

Equus caballus, Animal domestication, Phylogenetic analysis

Citation status

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This paper was written with support from the National Research Foundation of Korea.

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Anatomy & Biological Anthropology 2023 KCI Impact Factor : 0.33

Origin and Diffusion of Equus caballus from the Archaeological and Genetic Perspectives

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* References for papers published after 2023 are currently being built.

Anatomy & Biological Anthropology 2023 KCI Impact Factor : 0.33

Origin and Diffusion of Equus caballus from the Archaeological and Genetic Perspectives

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