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Anatomical achievements and medical thinking of Alcmaeon

  • Anatomy & Biological Anthropology
  • Abbr : Anat Biol Anthropol
  • 2025, 38(3), pp.153~158
  • Publisher : 대한체질인류학회
  • Research Area : Medicine and Pharmacy > Anatomy
  • Received : September 4, 2025
  • Accepted : September 25, 2025
  • Published : September 30, 2025

Song Chang Ho 1

1전북대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

Alcmaeon of Croton is known to have lived around 500 B.C. in the same era as Pythagoras. He was the first philosopher and physician who dissected humans to understand the structure and function of human bodies. He also dissected animals for the purpose of understanding animal body structures. I am not sure how he used the dissection, but some of his remaining literature can help us understand his anatomical achievements and medical thinking. He understood a healthy state as a harmonious balance of the body and thought that this balance’s dissonance caused disease. Alcmeon presented two important ideas about the natural sciences. First, the brain is responsible for human intelligence. Second, Science rejects what is chosen by God’s revelation, and doctors must draw conclusions only through empirical observation. The purpose of this study is to examine the anatomical achievements and medical thinking of Alcmaeon, and to publicize the great achievements of Alcmaeon, a pioneer in anatomy, to today’s people

Citation status

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