2014, Vol.27, No.3

THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY 2023 KCI Impact Factor : 1.67

pISSN : 1229-0718 / eISSN : 2671-6542
https://journal.kci.go.kr/baldal

In this study, the effects of childhood trauma, temperamental trait(Behavioral Activation System), moral judgment, and moral emotion on prisoners’ aggression and impulsivity were examined. Of 210 prisoners also examined the mediation effects of moral judgment and moral emotion by using structural equation modeling. It was confirmed that the model had a good level of fit with our data. The results of the mediation effects analysis were as follows: Contrary to our hypothesis, moral judgment did not significantly predict aggression and impulsivity of prisoners. However, reward responsiveness of BAS was associated with moral judgment, and moral judgment was a significant predictor of guiltiness. Therefore, moral judgment mediated the effect of reward responsiveness(BAS) on guiltiness. Moral emotion(guiltiness and shamefulness) showed significant associations with aggression and impulsivity. Also, the higher the level of emotional abuse in childhood, the lower the level of guiltiness, which was negatively associated with both aggression and impulsivity. Additionally, as the level of neglect in childhood was higher, shamefulness was increased, and it was positively associated with impulsivity. Therefore, we concluded that guiltiness mediated the effect of emotional abuse on both aggression and impulsivity. Further, shamefulness mediated the effect of neglect during childhood on impulsivity. Specific results and the implications of this study are discussed.

The purpose of this study was to analyze runaway adolescent’ intention to return home. A total of 438 runaway adolescents from 42 shelters and 12 high schools were included in the study sample. Among them, 211 participants had returned home and 227 participants remained in shelters. Data were collected using a questionnaire that covered individual factors, home environment, and school factors. Data analysis was carried out using a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), chi-square (χ2) test, and hierarchical logistic regression. The two-way ANOVA and χ2 test showed significant differences between returnees and shelter adolescents in terms of aggression, family structure, economic status, some parenting attitudes (father’s and mother’s affection, negligence, father’s abuse), and peer relationships. We also found significant differences between junior and senior high school runaway adolescents in relation to self-esteem. The hierarchical logistic regression showed that home environment factors were the most significant predictors of runaway adolescents’ returning home. In particular, broken homes had the strongest negative effect, while economic status had positive effect. Whereas for junior high school returnees, parenting attitudes, such as father’s affection, negligence, and mother’s negligence were significant predictors, for senior highschool returnees individual factors like aggression and impulsiveness were significant.

This study examined the effects of children’s temperament and anxiety on the accuracy of children’s memory for pain. Children (N = 72) aged from 4 to 9 years who had undergone a minor operative dental treatment were asked to use a visual analogue scale to report their anxiety and pain about their dental experience. The children were then asked to complete different types of scales during the delayed interview to indicate how much anxiety and pain they experienced during the dental procedure. In addition, children’s temperament and dentists assessed children’s anxiety status. Overall, the results of this study replicate and extend previous findings in the related literature, providing further evidence that most children can accurately recall the level of pain they experienced a week ago. We find it interesting that negative affect, as one of the assessed temperament dimensions, had a significant influence on the accuracy of children’s memory for pain. In addition to reporting higher negative affect, trait-anxious children exhibited a greater likelihood of recalling higher level of pain than they initially reported, indicating that those particular children may have negatively distorted recollections of the level of the pain that they experienced. Thus, when trait-anxious children are being clinically treated, clinicians should consider looking into the children’s sensitivity and perhaps deliver pain management interventions to ease the pain, help build pleasant memories related to the event, and increase the effectiveness of treatment experienced by children.