@article{ART003273802},
author={Iqra Fareed and Masood ul Hassan Farooq and Muhammad Danish Khan and Muhammad Farooq Khan and Mashal Firdous and Zeeshan Asghar and Yahya Sandali and Muhammad Tahir and Faheem K. Butt},
title={A comparative study of oxygen and hydrogen evolution reactions in alkaline, acidic and neutral media using SnS2/C catalyst},
journal={Carbon Letters},
issn={1976-4251},
year={2025},
volume={35},
number={5},
pages={2029-2042},
doi={10.1007/s42823-025-00894-7}
TY - JOUR
AU - Iqra Fareed
AU - Masood ul Hassan Farooq
AU - Muhammad Danish Khan
AU - Muhammad Farooq Khan
AU - Mashal Firdous
AU - Zeeshan Asghar
AU - Yahya Sandali
AU - Muhammad Tahir
AU - Faheem K. Butt
TI - A comparative study of oxygen and hydrogen evolution reactions in alkaline, acidic and neutral media using SnS2/C catalyst
JO - Carbon Letters
PY - 2025
VL - 35
IS - 5
PB - Korean Carbon Society
SP - 2029
EP - 2042
SN - 1976-4251
AB - Efficient energy conversion technologies require cost-effective and durable catalysts for water oxidation. This study presents SnS2/C composite synthesized via solvothermal method to enhance electrocatalytic performance in water splitting. Morphological analysis reveals that carbon incorporation disrupts the flower-like SnS2 nanosheets, increasing active site accessibility and improving charge transfer efficiency. Three different electrolytes (KOH, PBS and H2SO4) are systematically employed to evaluate the material’s electrocatalytic activity comprehensively. The electrochemical tests indicate that pure SnS₂ exhibits an overpotential (η) of 410 mV at 10 mA/cm2 for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in 1 M KOH. Integration of carbon significantly lowers this value to 180 mV with a tafel slope of 103 mV/dec for SSC12 (1:2 SnS₂/C) composite. For hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in acidic media, SSC12 achieves an η of 275 mV at 500 mA/cm2 with a tafel slope of 121 mV/dec. The catalyst further demonstrates strong durability for OER in 1 M KOH but shows diminished HER activity in 0.5 M H2SO4. This study demonstrates the synergistic role of carbon in enhancing SnS₂ catalytic attributes, emphasizing the potential of these composites for sustainable energy conversion applications.
KW - SnS2;Activated carbon;Catalysis;OER;HER
DO - 10.1007/s42823-025-00894-7
ER -
Iqra Fareed, Masood ul Hassan Farooq, Muhammad Danish Khan, Muhammad Farooq Khan, Mashal Firdous, Zeeshan Asghar, Yahya Sandali, Muhammad Tahir and Faheem K. Butt. (2025). A comparative study of oxygen and hydrogen evolution reactions in alkaline, acidic and neutral media using SnS2/C catalyst. Carbon Letters, 35(5), 2029-2042.
Iqra Fareed, Masood ul Hassan Farooq, Muhammad Danish Khan, Muhammad Farooq Khan, Mashal Firdous, Zeeshan Asghar, Yahya Sandali, Muhammad Tahir and Faheem K. Butt. 2025, "A comparative study of oxygen and hydrogen evolution reactions in alkaline, acidic and neutral media using SnS2/C catalyst", Carbon Letters, vol.35, no.5 pp.2029-2042. Available from: doi:10.1007/s42823-025-00894-7
Iqra Fareed, Masood ul Hassan Farooq, Muhammad Danish Khan, Muhammad Farooq Khan, Mashal Firdous, Zeeshan Asghar, Yahya Sandali, Muhammad Tahir, Faheem K. Butt "A comparative study of oxygen and hydrogen evolution reactions in alkaline, acidic and neutral media using SnS2/C catalyst" Carbon Letters 35.5 pp.2029-2042 (2025) : 2029.
Iqra Fareed, Masood ul Hassan Farooq, Muhammad Danish Khan, Muhammad Farooq Khan, Mashal Firdous, Zeeshan Asghar, Yahya Sandali, Muhammad Tahir, Faheem K. Butt. A comparative study of oxygen and hydrogen evolution reactions in alkaline, acidic and neutral media using SnS2/C catalyst. 2025; 35(5), 2029-2042. Available from: doi:10.1007/s42823-025-00894-7
Iqra Fareed, Masood ul Hassan Farooq, Muhammad Danish Khan, Muhammad Farooq Khan, Mashal Firdous, Zeeshan Asghar, Yahya Sandali, Muhammad Tahir and Faheem K. Butt. "A comparative study of oxygen and hydrogen evolution reactions in alkaline, acidic and neutral media using SnS2/C catalyst" Carbon Letters 35, no.5 (2025) : 2029-2042.doi: 10.1007/s42823-025-00894-7
Iqra Fareed; Masood ul Hassan Farooq; Muhammad Danish Khan; Muhammad Farooq Khan; Mashal Firdous; Zeeshan Asghar; Yahya Sandali; Muhammad Tahir; Faheem K. Butt. A comparative study of oxygen and hydrogen evolution reactions in alkaline, acidic and neutral media using SnS2/C catalyst. Carbon Letters, 35(5), 2029-2042. doi: 10.1007/s42823-025-00894-7
Iqra Fareed; Masood ul Hassan Farooq; Muhammad Danish Khan; Muhammad Farooq Khan; Mashal Firdous; Zeeshan Asghar; Yahya Sandali; Muhammad Tahir; Faheem K. Butt. A comparative study of oxygen and hydrogen evolution reactions in alkaline, acidic and neutral media using SnS2/C catalyst. Carbon Letters. 2025; 35(5) 2029-2042. doi: 10.1007/s42823-025-00894-7
Iqra Fareed, Masood ul Hassan Farooq, Muhammad Danish Khan, Muhammad Farooq Khan, Mashal Firdous, Zeeshan Asghar, Yahya Sandali, Muhammad Tahir, Faheem K. Butt. A comparative study of oxygen and hydrogen evolution reactions in alkaline, acidic and neutral media using SnS2/C catalyst. 2025; 35(5), 2029-2042. Available from: doi:10.1007/s42823-025-00894-7
Iqra Fareed, Masood ul Hassan Farooq, Muhammad Danish Khan, Muhammad Farooq Khan, Mashal Firdous, Zeeshan Asghar, Yahya Sandali, Muhammad Tahir and Faheem K. Butt. "A comparative study of oxygen and hydrogen evolution reactions in alkaline, acidic and neutral media using SnS2/C catalyst" Carbon Letters 35, no.5 (2025) : 2029-2042.doi: 10.1007/s42823-025-00894-7
