The purpose of this study is to interpret the direct action movement in the perspective of political thought. Especially, this study focuses on the perspective of Nietzsche and Anarchists who criticized modern democracy.
They had the common grounds in points of they criticized representative democracy and State, refused to substitute abstract, universal equality for individual’s difference and singularity, and pursued the society that bring up individual’s puissance. And this common grounds, that is the essential elements of direct action, suggest the element of renewal politics, that is direct problem solving, singularity, and puissance.
Direct action change the politics fundamentally in meaning of making the multitude political subject and pursuing the transformation of everyday life. In the condition of decentralization and devolution, the multitude self-determines the policy, which is related to himself, and grow to be a political subject. Thus direct action is not the movement that seize the power, change society through the power, or change society wholly only one chance.
Direct action is the movement that understand human being, change society through human being, and change society in the long run. When concrete individuals make the collective puissance, their intelligence become the virtuality of the real. The grassroots movement in Korea, the participatory budget of Brazil, and the People’s Campaign in India evolve the engagement of the multitude’s autonomous will at the grassroots level.