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Environmental Risk and Biological Citizenship: The Case of Asbestos Victims’ Movement in Korea

  • Civil Society and NGO
  • 2015, 13(1), pp.125~162
  • Publisher : The Third Sector Institute
  • Research Area : Social Science > Social Science in general > Other Social Science in general

Yeonsil Kang 1 Lee, Young Hee 2

1한국과학기술원
2가톨릭대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

This paper analyzes the rise of asbestos victim's movement in South Korea in the late 2000s as a case of biological citizenship. By showing the close relationship between the re-characterization of asbestos from occupational hazard to an environmental risk, and asbestos victims' movement, it argues that environmental risk is an important trigger for the emergence of biological citizens. Dozens of former asbestos textile factory workers in Busan was first to recognize their shared biological feature: bodily damages from asbestos exposure in the factory. This 'asbestos identity' was expanded from Busan to the whole country, and from laborers to ordinary citizens, as more patients are found throughout the country, whose exposure sources are suspected to the widespread asbestos pollution, not limited to workplace exposure. Patients and supporting activists' outcry over the need for a proper compensation system for the victims shows how they demanded rights to life to the state government. Biological citizenship of Korean asbestos victims and their legal demands to the government, however, cannot be separated from the various national and international contexts, including the history of Korean environmental policy, asbestos compensation in other countries, and the influence of international organizations to domestic policy-making.

Citation status

* References for papers published after 2024 are currently being built.

This paper was written with support from the National Research Foundation of Korea.