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A Study on Calvin's Political Ethic and It's Effects in Korean Protestant Church

  • The Korean Journal of Chiristian Social Ethics
  • Abbr : 기사윤
  • 2010, (20), pp.131-162
  • Publisher : The Society Of Korean Christian Social Ethics
  • Research Area : Humanities > Christian Theology

myung bae Kim 1

1숭실대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this article is to study calvin’s political ethic in the Relation between Church and State and to examine it’s effects in Korean Protestant Church. Calvin’s concept on the Relation Church and State will be summarized as two types. First type is the Augustus’ two Kingdoms. Calvin takes up the Augustinian tradition in Institute. It means by the struggle of the city of God against the city of devil, a conflict which rules world history until the end. Calvin’s second type is the Luther’s the Doctrine of two Regiments. According to Luther, God has instituted two different regiments for the delimitation and dissolution of the devil’s power: the Spiritual regiment and the worldly regiment. In the worldly regiment law, good works, reason, the punishing sword, and rewards for good deeds are valid. Calvin had received the Luther’s the Doctrine of two Regiments in Institute. Meanwhile, Calvin’s political ethic in the Relation between Church and State is the Lordship of Christ. The teaching that the Lordship of christ already now permeates every area of life and thus calls christians everywhere and without division into obedient discipleship is usually attributed to the Reformed tradition. Calvin powerfully had asserted the teaching in Institute. And also,Calvin had the negative view in the right of resistance. he advises people to submit to the governing authorities, according to Romans 13:1. But calvin had asserted two possibilities in the right of resistance. One is the right of resistance against tyranny, the other is the right of resistance toward the authorities against God. Finally, According to my study, Korean Protestant Church divided into three Group in the social participation and the relation between church and state from 1970’s to 1980’s. Ecumenical Group had devoted to democratization and human dignity movement, Conservative Group had devoted to evangelization,asserting the separation between church and state, and Evangelical Group devoted to evangelization and democratization since 1985. Excepting Conservative Group, Ecumenical Group and Evangelical Group has devoted to democratization and human dignity under Calvin’s the Lordship of Christ.

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