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A study on the digital turn of religion and religiosity in a virtual reality world

  • The Korean Journal of Chiristian Social Ethics
  • Abbr : 기사윤
  • 2025, (62), pp.293~322
  • Publisher : The Society Of Korean Christian Social Ethics
  • Research Area : Humanities > Christian Theology
  • Received : June 24, 2025
  • Accepted : August 11, 2025
  • Published : August 31, 2025

Seung Hwan Kim 1

1장로회신학대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

This article is a study of the digital turn of religion due to the development of digital technologies and their expansion into everyday life. In the 21st century, the act and practice of religion has increasingly moved into the virtual reality space, and the virtual reality world is becoming a religious space. This paper describes the characteristics of the transition to digital religion and theologically examines the emerging issues in digital religion. In particular, ‘transcendence’, ‘hyperconnectedness’, and ‘immorality’ expressed in virtual reality worlds are not only religious characteristics, but also characteristics of the ‘world beyond’ (the eternal world). In addition, virtual reality is inhabited by ‘digital beings’ as immortal beings, enabling a ‘cosmic (universal) human community’ through encounters and infinite connections that transcend the limits of reality. As such, virtual reality spaces are becoming spaces for the most spiritual and transcendent encounters and mystical and holy experiences. In virtual reality spaces, modern people experience being in a holy sanctuary, while creating spiritual networks through access and connection. While discussions about online churches during the pandemic were limited to the possibilities of ways and places of worship, recent discussions about the ‘digital transformation of religion’ and ‘digital religion’ offer a glimpse into the new forms and possibilities of religion in a digital society. This paper will discuss religiosity in the digital world by examining the transcendence of religion in virtual reality and how religious practices are unfolding.

Citation status

* References for papers published after 2024 are currently being built.

This paper was written with support from the National Research Foundation of Korea.