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A Study on Oppose Efflorescence and Views of West in Hwaee-ron of Uiam Yu In-seok’s Poems

Song gi seop 1

1선문대학교

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ABSTRACT

　Japan objected to the opening to the Western powers influenced by the closed-door policy in Edo period, but entered into a treaty of peace and amity with the United States of America in 1854 and a treaty of amity and commerce with the same country 1858. Likewise, Joseon strongly resisted against the two invasion cases of Korea by a Western power: French campaign against Korea and United States expedition to Korea, but opened even to Japan under the Japan-Korea Treaty of 1876, influenced by the Un-Yang-Ho Accident happened in 1875. 　In this process of opening to Western countries, both Joseon and Japan showed the same position of opposing to the foreign countries, but after the opening, their position and awareness of opening and Western powers are clearly different. Joseon recognized the Western powers from the Hwayiron perspective: most of Confucian scholars formed a China-oriented culture and were negative on the opening to other countries. Accordingly, before the Un-Yang-Ho accident, there were two sects: military necessary sect and exchange sect and after the accident, there were extreme conservatives and reformatives. Among the two different forces, military necessity sect and extreme conservatives were much stronger. Unlike Joseon, Japan actively accepted western technologies and products in Meiji regime and resultingly could grow significantly in terms of economy. Based on the capital accumulated in this way, Japan could improve their military power. 　The representative scholar who had a Hwayiron perspective in recognizing the Western powers was Hwaseo Lee Hang-Ro, who was followed by Uiam Yu In-Seok. In this respect, this study aims to identify Uiam Yu In-Seok’s concern with opening and recognition of the Western powers and his belief to overcome such a phenomenon based on his poetry in order to infer then-social atmosphere. Specifically, the details are as follows: 　First, Uiam was too concerned with the phenomenon of opening. He refuted unfairness penetrated into our society by Western products, as shown in 「Geum-Wal-Yu-Sin-Su-Gu」and other 10 poems. 　Second, his awareness of the West is well revealed. He had a thick negative view on almanac, religion, and science of the Western society as shown in 「Yang-Ryeok-I-Su」 and other 9 poems. And these same contents are well summed up in his 「Cosmic Question and Answer」, which was very helpful for understanding his awareness of the Western countries with his poems. 　Like this, Uiam Yu In-Seok’s concern with the opening to the Western countries and Japan and awareness of Western societies are reflecting then-social atmosphere well.

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