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A Consideration on Gimhwa Baekjeon(栢田) Combat during the Manchu Invasion of 1636(Byeongjahoran, 丙子胡亂)

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1국방문화재연구원

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ABSTRACT

This is a study on Gimhwa Baekjeon(栢田) combat during the Manchu Invasion to Choseon(Byeongjahoran, 丙子胡亂). As the Gimhwa Baekjeon combat was a battle that broke out in the whole area of Baekjeon to the south of the former Gimhwahyeon during Byeongjahoran(the Manchu war of 1636), it has been known as the top two combat sites with victory during Byeongjahoran together with the Mt. Gwanggyo combat of Yongin. However, it existed a point that the history of its combat failed to be properly illuminated due to the lack of an interest by both the military and the academic circles. As a result of the research, a name of a battle has been called ‘Baekdong combat’, ‘Tapdong combat’, or ‘Gimhwa combat.’ However, it is thought to be likely good to call it as “Gimhwa Baekjeon combat” in the future because of having been the battle that both the armies fiercely fought in the adjacent area, namely, in the whole area of Baekjeon as for a mutual enemy named Cheong(淸). Also, seeing it through many ancient literature records, the battle area is judged to be more appropriate to regard the Baekjeon combat site as the whole area of Baeksubong in Eupnae-ri of the present to the south of the former Gimhwahyeon, and the whole area of Seongju gogae and Chungryeolsa temple, rather than clearly stating it as Baekdong/ Tapdong within DMZ(de-militarized zone). Second, examining it in the aspect of the defense deployment in the Hong-myeong-gu army and the Yu-rim army, the Hong-myeong-gu army can be said to have been strong in a will to positively fight with burning the bridges with the desperate mind rather than taking the defensive attitude by entering to be protected by fortress. On the other hand, the Yu-rim army could steer this combat to victory with preoccupying the advantageous defensive position, with installing effective obstacle, with the fire control, and with the deception operation. Finally, it is judged to be necessarily made a battlefield as a site of vivid history with patriotism and a conquest for a national crisis by being imminently preceded a detailed investigation on a battle zone.

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