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The January 28th Shanghai Incident, Yoon Bong Gil’s patriotic deeds, and Korea and China’s Joint Resistance

Lee Jaeryoung 1

1단국대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

This paper will uncover the truths behind Korea and China’s joint resistance against the Japanese colonial era through examining the background, objective, characteristic, and significance of the Korean Independence movement’s most representative heroic struggle: Yoon Bong Gil’s patriotic deeds in April 29th, 1932, during the Manchurian Incident. From May, 1931, when Yoon Bong Gil arrived in Shanghai, China, with the resolve to take part in Korea’s independence movements, to April 29, 1932, when he initiated his patriotic deeds at Hongkou Park, Japan’s planned acts of aggression continued. The Wan Bao Shan Incident was manipulated by Japan as an excuse to invade the Manju area. The Japanese aggravated conflict between Koreans and Chinese farmers, and through releasing distorted reports in Korea, induced boycott riots against the Chinese. This incident created emotional rifts between the two nations, and Korean Independence movements within China fell into stagnation. The subsequent exertion of military force by the Japanese during the Manchurian and Shanghai incident awakened China’s national awareness of crisis and aroused resistance against Japan throughout the nation. Especially, the eventual defeat of resistance forces coordinated around the 10throgungreatlyenragedtheChinese. Yoon Bong Gil, who was honing his burning soul for independence movements during this period, chose patriotic deeds as his means of sabotaging Japan’s invasion of China, and ultimately hastening the independence of Korea. Yoon Bong Gil’s patriotic deeds were resistances against Japan to achieve Korea’s independence and freedom, and were planned from beginning stages with Kim Gu with ambitions of Korea and China coordinating their powers to start a Korea-China Joint Anti-Japanese War. With the cooperation of China, his plans were able to be executed. During preparation stages, the Chinese supported the Korea Patriotic Party, and through the help of Kim Hong Il, Yoon was able to receive high explosive bombs from the Chinese. However, Chinese influence on this matter was limited. The preparation, execution, after management, and all other affairs related to Yoon Bong Gil’s patriotic deeds were mainly coordinated by Yoon Bong Gil and Kim Gu. The practical and historical impact Yoon Bong Gil’s patriotic deeds had on Korean independence movements are substantial. His patriotic deeds first heavily damaged the Japanese empire by killing or injuring military and government leaders including expeditionary force lieutenant Yoshinori Shirakawa. The Chinese, who felt a sense of defeat, once more forged their wills for resistance. Furthermore, negative emotions the Chinese held towards Koreans after the Wan Bao San incident rapidly changed to appreciation and cooperation, creating favorable conditions for Korean independence movements in China. Also, the patriotic deeds invigorated the independence movements of the provisional government of the Republic of Korea, which were in stagnation. Inspired compatriots within and out of the country, re-enlightened on the importance of the provisional government of the Republic of Korea and its independence movements, resumed financial and psychological support. Overall, Yoon Bong Gil’s patriotic deeds created an opportunity for Korea’s independence movement’s long cherished wish, a united front with China, to develop, opening Korea/Chinese joint resistance against Japan in the 1930s.

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