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An Analysis of Strategic Success Factors during the Operation‘Chromite’

Dae-sung Kim 1

1합동참모본부

Accredited

ABSTRACT

In the present study, we derived the success factors of the Operation Chromite through the military strategic analysis focusing on the maneuver and attrition strategies. The maneuver strategy is to neutralize the military power of the enemy through destroying its will to conduct war. In regards to the execution methods, the first is to avoid strong points and attack weaknesses; the second is to achieve superiority in maneuver tempo; the third is the sequential military operation and mission-oriented command. On the other hand, the purpose of the attrition strategy is to exhaust the military capability of the enemy in order to destroy its will to conduct war. In regards to its execution methods, the first is the accumulated destruction; the second is the achieving of destruction tempo; the third is centralized control. The analysis on the military operation of the North Korean army and UN forces in the Operation Chromite reveals that even though the North Korean army pursued the attrition strategy seeking for continuous attack from the front of Nakdong River perimeter(defense line) of UN forces, it failed at continuous and systematic combat due to the insufficient troops. As it not Only failed at withdrawing its front but at concentrating its troops and firepower effectively even after the landing of UN forces in Incheon, the North Korean army couldn't penetrate the Nakdong River defense line of UN forces nor properly defend its Seoul occupation. On the other hand, the UN forces, by seeking the maneuver strategy through the Operation Chromite, a major bypass maneuver to Incheon, instead of the counterattack in Nakdong River defense line where the main forces of North Korean army was concentrated, avoided the strengths of the enemy and attacked its weakness. Also, the UN forces, through the counterattack in Nakdong River defense line completely defeated the North Korean army by achieving the advantage of maneuver tempo through a combination of the bypass maneuver and deep penetration. In conclusion, while the North Korean army wasn't able to successfully run the attrition strategy it pursued, UN Forces perfectly performed its planned maneuver strategy which led the Incheon Landing Operation to victory.

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