military history 2023 KCI Impact Factor : 0.94
-
pISSN : 1598-317X / eISSN : 2713-8992
- https://journal.kci.go.kr/imhc
KJCKorea
Journal Central
The Creation and Selection of Strategic Alternatives - A Case Study of the Project Solarium -
- military history
- 2022, (122), pp.421-462
- DOI : 10.29212/mh.2022..122.421
- Publisher : Military History Institute, MND
- Research Area : Humanities > History
- Received : December 22, 2021
- Accepted : March 3, 2022
- Published : March 15, 2022
Lee,Jin-ki 1, Sohn, Hanbyeol 1
1국방대학교
Accredited
ABSTRACT
Strategic planning is the process of selecting ways and means to achieve goals. Therefore, the process of creating and selecting various strategic alternatives takes up a key step in strategic planning. The organization, procedures, and methods of strategic planning should be developed to accurately recognize threats, explore and analyze strategic alternatives, select strategies and perform a series of processes that combine organizational capabilities.
The U.S. "Project Solarium" was run by the Eisenhower administration in the early Cold War to explore strategic alternatives against the Soviet Union. It is regarded as the most successful strategic planning process in history. Strategic alternatives were created and selected through the guidance by the president as the chief manager, the operation of Dolittle Panel for the Strategic Planning Committee, and the dynamic activities of the three teams that were strategic planning teams. The result was embodied as a "New Look policy" and established as a strategy to counter the Soviet Union throughout the Cold War.
Statistics
-
443 Viewed
-
194 Downloaded
Tools
Issue List
Citation status
* References for papers published after 2023 are currently being built.
[other]
/ General Papers (Col. Bonesteel). Box 11. Executive Secretary's Subject File Series. NSC Papers
/ EPL
[other]
Boggs, Marion W
/ 1954
/ Memorandum of Discussion at the 157th Meeting of the National Security Council on Thursday. 30 July 1953. Vol. II
/ FRUS
[other]
Cutler, Robert
/ 1954
/ Memorandum for the Record by the Special Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs. 15 May 1953. Vol. II
/ FRUS
[other]
Cutler, Robert
/ 1954
/ Memorandum for the Record by the Special Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs. 9 May 1953. Vol. II
/ FRUS
[other]
/ 1965
/ Cutler, Robert to W. B. Smith. 15 May 1953, ‘Project Solarium.’ Subject Files 1947–1965. Executive Secretariat. Lot 6D148. RG 59
/ National Archives and Records Administration
[other]
Gleason, S. Everett
/ 1953
/ Memorandum of Discussion at the 168th Meeting of the National Security Council. Thursday, 29 October 1953. ‘168th Meeting of NSC October 29, 1953.’ Box 4. NSC Series. Ann Whitman File
/ EPL
[other]
/ 1953
/ Handwritten Note by Eisenhower on Project Solarium. 16 July 1953. ‘DDE Diary December 52–July 53 (1).’ Box 3. DDE Diary Series. Ann Whitman File
/ EPL
[other]
/ 1954
/ Memorandum for the Record by the Special Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs. 9 May 1953. Vol. II
/ FRUS
[other]
/ 1953
/ Memorandum of Conversation, Solarium Project. 8 May 1953. ‘1953.’ Lot 66D148. Secretary of State NSC Files. RG 59
/ NARA
[other]
/ 1953
/ Memorandum on Project Solarium Organization and Arrangements for Preparing Plans and Presentations on Alternative Courses of Action. 26 May 1953. ‘General Papers (Col. Bonesteel).’ Box 11. Executive Secretary's Subject File Series. NSC Papers
/ EPL
[web]
/ 1954
/ Memorandum to the National Security Council by the Executive Secretary (Lay). 22 July 1953. Vol. II. Part 1
/ FRUS
/ https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1952-54v02p1/d80
[other]
/ 1954
/ Minutes of the 155th Meeting of the National Security Council. 16 July 1953. Vol. II
/ FRUS
[other]
/ 1954
/ Paper Prepared by the Directing Panel of Project Solarium. 1 June 1953. Vol. II
[other]
/ Project Solarium Special Documents Initially Available. ‘General Papers (Col. Bonesteel).’ Box 11. Executive Secretary's Subject File Series. NSC Papers
/ EPL
[other]
/ 1953
/ Quoted in Memorandum of Conversation, Solarium Project. 8 May 1953. ‘1953.’ Lot 66D148. Secretary of State NSC Files. RG 59
/ NARA
[web]
/ 1954
/ Report to the National Security Council by the Executive Secretary (Lay). 10 June 1953. Vol. II. Part 1
/ FRUS
/ https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1952-54v02p1/d74
[other]
/ 1953
/ Task Force B of Project Solarium Report to the National Security Council. 16 July 1953. ‘Project Solarium – Task Force “B” Full Report (1).’ Box 39. Disaster File Series. NSC Papers
/ EPL
[other]
/ 1953
/ Task Force C of Project Solarium Report to the National Security Council. 16 July 1953. Box 9. NSC Series
/ White House Office of the Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (WHOSANSA). EPL
[web]
United States of America Cyberspace Solarium Commission
/ 2020
/ CSC Finished Report
/ https://www.solarium.gov/home
[other]
/ 1961
/ Watts, Philip H. to Policy Planning Staff. 12 August 1953. ‘Solarium.’ Box 43. Policy Planning Council. Alphabetical Files. 1948–1961. Lot 61D167. RG 59
/ NARA
[book]
박홍윤
/ 2014
/ 공공조직을 위한 전략적 기획론
/ 대영문화사
[book]
이근욱
/ 2009
/ 왈츠 이후: 국제정치이론의 변화와 발전
/ 한울 아카데미
[book]
Bowie, Robert R.
/ 1998
/ Waging Peace: How Eisenhower Shaped an Enduring Cold War Strategy
/ Oxford University Press
[book]
Gaddis, John Lewis
/ 2005
/ Strategies of Containment: A Critical Appraisal of American National Security Policy during the Cold War
/ Oxford University Press
[book]
Hewlett, Richard G.
/ 1969
/ A History of the United States Atomic Energy Commission Vol. 2
/ Pennsylvania State University Press
[book]
Hughes, Emmet John
/ 1975
/ The Ordeal of Power: A Political Memoir of the Eisenhower Years
/ Macmillan Publish Company
[book]
Kahn, Herman
/ 2017
/ On Escalation: Metaphors and Scenarios
/ Routledge
[book]
Pickett, William B.
/ 2004
/ George F. Kennan and the Origins of Eisenhower’s New Look: An Oral History of Project Solarium. Princeton Institute for International and Regional Studies Monograph Series Number 1
/ Princeton Institute for International and Regional Studies
[book]
Snyder, Glenn H.
/ 1962
/ Strategy, Politics, and Defense Budgets
/ Columbia University Press
[book]
Watson, Robert J.
/ 1998
/ The Joint Chiefs of Staffand National Policy 1953-1954
/ Historical Office of the Office of the Secretary of Defense
[book]
Zaloga, Steven J
/ 1993
/ Target America: The Soviet Union and the Strategic Arms Race, 1945-1964
/ Presidio Press
[report]
박병관
/ 2021
/ 美 바이든 행정부의 대중국정책 전망 및 시사점
/ INSS
[journal]
손경호
/ 2019
/
The Utility, Reality, and Measures for further Development of Politico-Military Games
/ 정치·정보연구
/ 한국정치정보학회
22(3)
: 149~174
[journal]
Flournoy, Michele A.
/ 2006
/ Strategic Planning for National Security : A New Project Solarium
/ Joint Forces Quarterly
41(2)
[journal]
Gallagher, Michael J.
/ 2015
/ Intelligence and National Security Strategy: Reexamining Project Solarium
/ Intelligence and National Security
30(4)
[journal]
Lettow, Paul
/ 2018
/ Ike’s Triumphs
/ National Review
LXX(10)
[journal]
Lettow, Paul
/ 2021
/ U.S. National Security Strategy: Lessons Learned
/ Texas National Security Review
4(2)
[journal]
Levy, Jack S
/ 1994
/ Learning and Foreign Policy: Sweeping a Conceptual Minefield
/ International Organization
48(2)
[journal]
Norris, Robert S.
/ 2015
/ Global nuclear weapons inventories, 1945-2010
/ SAGE journals
66(4)
[web]
박영준
/ 2022
/ [박영준의 안보 레이더] 대선후보들에게 제안하는 ‘한국판 솔라리엄 프로젝트’
/ 헤럴드경제
/ http://biz.heraldcorp.com/view.php?ud=20220126000532
[web]
European Foresight Platform
/ Scenario Method
/ EFP
/ http://www.foresight-platform.eu/community/forlearn/how-to-do-foresight/methods/scenario/
[web]
Fedorov, Evgeny
/ 2021
/ American "Vlasov army" and the "Solarium" project, Dwight D. Eisenhower's anti-Soviet scripts
/ Top War
/ https://en.topwar.ru/178717-amerikanskaja-armija-vlasova-i-proekt-soljarij-antisovetskie-scenarii-duajta-jejzenhaujera.html
[web]
Friedberg, Aaron
/ 2015
/ A U.S. 'Solarium Project' for China
/ The Wall Street Journal
/ https://www.wsj.com/articles/a-u-s-solarium-project-for-china-1440609226
[web]
Kahn, Herman
/ 1967
/ The Use of Scenario
/ Hudson Institute
/ https://www.hudson.org/research/2214-the-use-of-scenarios
[web]
Korala, Aravinda
/ 2021
/ US-China relations: new era of great power competition will leave the whole world better off
/ US-China Relations
/ https://www.scmp.com/comment/opinion/article/3125241/us-china-relations-new-era-great-power-competition-will-leave-whole
[web]
Grundman, Steven
/ 2017
/ Opinion: Lessons From A Korean War-Era National Security Exercise
/ Aviation Week Network
/ https://aviationweek.com/defense-space/opinion-lessons-korean-war-era-national-security-exercise
[web]
Marks, Ronald
/ 2021
/ #21: Produce A New 'Project Solarium'
/ Atlantic Council
/ https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/uncategorized/21-produce-a-new-project-solarium/
[web]
Nye, Joseph
/ 2020
/ For the US and China, interdependence is a double-edged sword
/ FINANCIAL TIMES
/ https://www.ft.com/content/b3f5e946-4441-11ea-9a2a-98980971c1ff
[web]
Pompeo, Michael R
/ 2020
/ Communist China and the Free World’s Future
/ U.S. Department of State
/ https://2017-2021.state.gov/communist-china-and-the-free-worlds-future-2/index.html
[web]
Schake, Kori
/ 2018
/ Trump Doesn't Need a Second 'Solarium'
/ The Atlantic
/ https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2018/10/what-eisenhower-could-teach-trump-about-strategy/574261/
[web]
/ Sun Room
/ The White House Museum
/ http://www.whitehousemuseum.org/floor3/sun-room.htm
[web]
U.S. Army
/ 2014
/ Solarium 2014
/ U.S. Army
/ https://www.army.mil/standto/archive/2014/06/30/