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A Study of the Conditions for the Social Realization of Moralityin Kant's Practical Philosophy

  • PHILOSOPHY·THOUGHT·CULTURE
  • 2006, (3), pp.161~190
  • Publisher : Research Institute for East-West Thought
  • Research Area : Humanities > Other Humanities

신기철 1

1동국대학교

ABSTRACT

The problem of the realization of morality in Kant's practical philosophy should be studied in relation to the social context. For morality does not concern isolated individuals, but individuals’ mutual relations in society. Thus the realization of morality is always 'the social realization of morality'. The Kantian problem of the social realization of morality can be investigated by connecting two arguments; one on the 'groundwork of the metaphysics of morals' that demands moral practice, and the other on the 'philosophy of history' that suggests the creation of civil society that administers universal law.In order for human beings to realize morality through moral practice, above all, basic social conditions that protect one's life and property are required. To protect these conditions, Kant postulates a juridical foundation for right. In private and public right, Kant tries to protect property right. For individuals and states, it is the transition from the state of nature to the state of right. In order to provide the basic condition for the social realization of morality, Kant argues that the civil constitution in every state must be republican and the league of nations should be formed through a free contract among the republics. States should decrease the risk of war by restraining states from plundering other states through the league of nations that maintains the balance of power between them. When states and the league of nations collectively try to decrease the risk of war, the first step to the social realization of morality and to 'civil society that administers universal law' could be provided.

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