2024, Vol., No.45

PHILOSOPHY·THOUGHT·CULTURE 2023 KCI Impact Factor : 0.5

pISSN : 1975-1621 / eISSN : 2092-0873
https://journal.kci.go.kr/insewtdgu

The ultimate goal of this study is to alleviate the attitudes of discrimination and hatred toward sexual minorities that appear in our society. To this end, we first look at the gender perception that appears in the Buddhism. It can be considered through a deterministic or compatibilist perspective on suffering. Next, we discuss perspectives on sexual minorities and attitudes toward them within Buddhism, that is, Buddhist ethics toward sexual minorities. Buddhist ethics cautions against committing sexual misconduct but does not deny sexual desire itself. Additionally, Buddhist sexual ethics are strictly applied to monks, while they are applied flexibly to laypeople. Furthermore, based on the fact that Buddhist ethics has a consequentialist nature, we propose that the modern significance of Buddhist ethics for sexual minorities is ‘equal consideration of suffering’ based on the ‘the principle of equal consideration of interests’.

This paper attempts to critically reexamine Marx’s materialism in opposition to new materialism characterized by anti-dialectics, anti-intermediacy, and anti-historicity, which are the hallmarks of a new materialism. It starts from Marx’s concept of the ‘body’. In Marx’s thought, the ‘body’ occupies a central position as a crucial concept that situates humans as one among the beings of the natural world. The body shares an ontological status with what new materialists term ‘objects’, But it differs from ‘objects’ through the characteristic activity. Based on this perspective of Marx on the body, this paper involves the following discussions: First, Chapter 2 of this paper extract several theses of new materialism, naming them ‘impulses toward the direct world of objects’, and critically examine them from a Marxian perspective. Chapter 3 focuses on Marx’s Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844, analyzing the thesis “nature is the inorganic body of man” concerning the relationship between ‘nature’ and the ‘human body’. Chapter 4 reexamines the core concepts of New Materialism, such as ‘the return to objects’ or ‘the redemption of the world of objects’, by integrating them with Marx’s theory of alienation. In Chapter 5, the commonalities and differences between Marx’s bodily materialism and idealism are discerned, leading to a provisional assessment of idealism as a materialism devoid of humanity.

This paper is a theoretical work to understand communication styles in the era of schizophrenia from a psychodynamic perspective. In particular, we will examine Deleuze and Guattari’s discussion of schizophrenia analysis. Given that the general discussion on communication is mainly focused on conscious activities, it was made with the awareness that communication theory would only be a lame understanding at best if it was not supported by a discussion on the level of the unconscious. The originality of Deleuze and Guattari’s schizophrenia analysis is that they criticize the previous Freud-centered psychoanalysis theory for being based on several fundamental errors and present schizophrenia theory as an alternative. Moreover, the starting point of such work is that schizophrenia analysis theory positions the ‘recovery of the ego’, which psychoanalytic theory considers as an achievement of treatment, as the beginning of the problem. In other words, the assumption of a unified and integrated overall ego is a wrong assumption and results in justifying social oppression, so starting from a dispersed, fragmented and partial, in other words, fragmented body, we can reach a ‘body without organs’ to become free and free. My goal is to lead a creative life. In this paper, we took inspiration and hints from Deleuze and Guattari’s theoretical research results and sought a solution to the existential communication problem where ‘beings from different planets must live together on the same Earth’.