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The Ownership of Big Data and Distributive Justice -Focused on Basic Income-

  • PHILOSOPHY·THOUGHT·CULTURE
  • 2020, (33), pp.158~182
  • DOI : 10.33639/ptc.2020..33.009
  • Publisher : Research Institute for East-West Thought
  • Research Area : Humanities > Other Humanities
  • Received : May 14, 2020
  • Accepted : June 29, 2020
  • Published : June 30, 2020

Kwangsu Mok 1

1서울시립대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this paper is to search for a theory of distributive justice between data subjects and platform companies on the benefit from big data. For this purpose, this paper first examines who has the ownership of the data between an individual who provides her data to the platform company and the platform company which collects the data from the individual. According to the analysis of this paper, data providers can be given the ownership of data in that they are not only the source of data, but also their activities of data production contribute to social cooperation. Thus, the phenomenon of 'data asymmetry', which shows a platform company's monopoly on profits of big data without data providers’ fair desert, is unjust. The paper argues that basic income is an efficient strategy to correct this injustice of data asymmetry. This is because the injustice of data asymmetry, which generates the lack of jobs and social inequality, can be responded by John Rawls's difference principle which guarantees a social minimum met by the strategy of basic income. According to the analysis of this paper, data has relational attributes in that data reflect data subjects' relational attributes in the level of ontology and big data are produced in the social cooperation. Focusing on this relationship, benefits of big data can be redistributed in the strategy of basic income to social members. This argument is expected not only to provide an effective solution to the problem of data asymmetry, but also to suggest a clue to solve the problem of financing in the basic income debate.

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