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Exploring ethical measures to respond to the problem of deepfakes

  • PHILOSOPHY·THOUGHT·CULTURE
  • 2024, (46), pp.291~312
  • DOI : 10.33639/ptc.2024..46.012
  • Publisher : Research Institute for East-West Thought
  • Research Area : Humanities > Other Humanities
  • Received : November 4, 2024
  • Accepted : November 28, 2024
  • Published : November 30, 2024

Kwangsu Mok 1

1서울시립대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

Among the AI ethics issues that have emerged as generative AI has become more widely used, the issue of deepfakes has recently gained attention. This is because deepfake pornography is being produced and distributed not only to celebrities but also to the general public, and deepfakes are expanding into various areas of life, including politics and business. Although Korean society has a strong tendency to respond with laws, it is questionable whether the various problems caused by deepfakes can be solved by laws alone. Under the premise that law is necessary to respond to the problem of deepfakes, but ethics is also necessary, this paper aims to explore ethical measures to effectively respond to the problem of deepfakes. The ‘ethics realizing’ of AI requires the cooperation of three different but closely related tiers of ethics: the theoretical tier of ethics, the institutional tier of ethics, and the individual tier of ethics. Since the deepfake problem is an ethical issue that arises at the level of weak AI, a theory of common morality seems appropriate at the theoretical tier of ethics, while at the institutional tier of ethics it is necessary to promote the social use of deepfakes not only through AI guidelines, but also through a so-called “deepfake ethics committee” that aims to examine whether a deepfake use plan is ethical. At the individual ethics tier, a user ethics is essential given the popularity of deepfakes, and I propose a “virtue-based AI user ethics” that is effective for normativity from a first-person perspective. If these three tiers of ethics work together, we can avoid the ethical problems caused by deepfakes and realize an ethics that contributes to social prosperity and development.

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