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A Study on the Attitude of South Koreans Toward North Korean Defectors: Focusing on National Identity and Multi-Cultural Acceptability

SOHN Aelee 1 Lee, Nae-Young 1

1고려대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

This paper analyzes the factors influencing the South Korean view of North Korean defectors based on the 2010 Survey on National Identity in South Korea. National identity, multi-cultural acceptability, and economic interests were identified as independent variables affecting attitudes toward North Korean defectors. Regression analysis results are summarized as follows. National identity: The attitude of South Koreans toward North Korean defectors with regard to conditions of nationhood was not significantly affected by ethnic factors which is concerned with birthplace, long-term residence, and descent but was positively influenced by civil factors which place an emphasis on nationality, the Korean language, law abidance and historical understanding. On the other hand, South Koreans’ attitude toward North Korean defectors was negatively influenced by a sense of national belonging and national pride, but positively influenced by a sense of ethnic belonging and ethnic pride. Multi-cultural acceptability: A deeper connection was shown when there was greater advocacy for the political and social rights of migrants who have gained the Korean citizenship. This implies that the protection of human rights, a factor unrelated to ethnicity, is more relevant in shaping South Koreans’ attitude toward North Korean defectors.

Citation status

* References for papers published after 2023 are currently being built.

This paper was written with support from the National Research Foundation of Korea.