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The Critical Realist Understanding of Contemporary Russian Geopolitics

  • Journal of Asia-Pacific Studies
  • Abbr : JAPS
  • 2024, 31(4), pp.75-105
  • DOI : 10.18107/japs.2024.31.4.003
  • Publisher : Institute of Global Affairs
  • Research Area : Social Science > Social Science in general
  • Received : November 10, 2024
  • Accepted : December 16, 2024
  • Published : December 30, 2024

KWON Se Eun 1

1경희대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study is to analyze the convergence towards Eurasianism in the development of contemporary Russian geopolitics from the perspective of critical realism. This research aims to resolve the debate between classical and critical geopolitics through critical realism and, on this basis, explore the characteristics of Russian geopolitics. Understanding Russia’s geopolitical reality is based on recognizing causal forces and mechanisms occurring in Eurasia, which materialize under specific conditions. The attempt to interpret the spatial and social mechanisms formed since the Kievan Rus period through historical events has manifested in various trends such as Westernism, Eurasianism, Socialism, and Internationalism. These theories are considered hypotheses in that they detect the regular sequences of historical events and reconstruct them in thought. Since the dissolution of the Soviet Union, Eurasianism, which synthesizes various perspectives, has gained significant empirical support. Moreover, it is believed that the tendency towards isolationism explains geopolitical reality more appropriately than expansionism. While a critical realist approach to geopolitics contributes to broadening the scope of thinking in the study of Russia’s geopolitical strategies, there is a limitation in that theoretical discussions can only address geopolitical events in a restricted manner. Future research based on critical realist explanatory models is needed.

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