@article{ART003226601},
author={Sung-Jun Lee and Sung gun, KIM},
title={ESG Management in Scandinavian Corporations: Focusing on a Cultural Perspective},
journal={Journal of the Scandinavian Society of Korea},
issn={1229-8646},
year={2025},
number={35},
pages={1-33}
TY - JOUR
AU - Sung-Jun Lee
AU - Sung gun, KIM
TI - ESG Management in Scandinavian Corporations: Focusing on a Cultural Perspective
JO - Journal of the Scandinavian Society of Korea
PY - 2025
VL - null
IS - 35
PB - The Scandinavian Society of Korea
SP - 1
EP - 33
SN - 1229-8646
AB - This study investigates the cultural foundations behind the exceptionally high level of ESG (Environmental, Social, Governance) management observed among Scandinavian firms. Adopting both the etic approach – centered on Hofstede’s cultural dimensions – and the emic approach – which emphasizes the historical and socio-cultural uniqueness of Scandinavian societies – this research aims to explain how cultural factors influence the motivation and implementation of ESG practices in Scandinavian countries. The findings suggest that cultural traits such as low power distance, high individualism, and extreme femininity contribute to the intrinsic motivation for proactive and voluntary ESG engagement. Furthermore, the region’s longstanding egalitarian and cooperative norms serve as a fertile ground for embedding ESG values in corporate strategy. These insights offer meaningful implications for fostering ESG practices in countries like South Korea, where extrinsic motivation still plays a dominant role.
KW - ESG Management;National Culture;Hofstede’s Cultural Dimensions;Scandinavian Firms;Scandinavian Cooperative Advantage
DO -
UR -
ER -
Sung-Jun Lee and Sung gun, KIM. (2025). ESG Management in Scandinavian Corporations: Focusing on a Cultural Perspective. Journal of the Scandinavian Society of Korea, 35, 1-33.
Sung-Jun Lee and Sung gun, KIM. 2025, "ESG Management in Scandinavian Corporations: Focusing on a Cultural Perspective", Journal of the Scandinavian Society of Korea, no.35, pp.1-33.
Sung-Jun Lee, Sung gun, KIM "ESG Management in Scandinavian Corporations: Focusing on a Cultural Perspective" Journal of the Scandinavian Society of Korea 35 pp.1-33 (2025) : 1.
Sung-Jun Lee, Sung gun, KIM. ESG Management in Scandinavian Corporations: Focusing on a Cultural Perspective. 2025; 35 : 1-33.
Sung-Jun Lee and Sung gun, KIM. "ESG Management in Scandinavian Corporations: Focusing on a Cultural Perspective" Journal of the Scandinavian Society of Korea no.35(2025) : 1-33.
Sung-Jun Lee; Sung gun, KIM. ESG Management in Scandinavian Corporations: Focusing on a Cultural Perspective. Journal of the Scandinavian Society of Korea, 35, 1-33.
Sung-Jun Lee; Sung gun, KIM. ESG Management in Scandinavian Corporations: Focusing on a Cultural Perspective. Journal of the Scandinavian Society of Korea. 2025; 35 1-33.
Sung-Jun Lee, Sung gun, KIM. ESG Management in Scandinavian Corporations: Focusing on a Cultural Perspective. 2025; 35 : 1-33.
Sung-Jun Lee and Sung gun, KIM. "ESG Management in Scandinavian Corporations: Focusing on a Cultural Perspective" Journal of the Scandinavian Society of Korea no.35(2025) : 1-33.
