@article{ART003332458},
author={Je-Hui Lee and Dong-Geon Kim and Hyo-won Kim and Chae-Yeon Baek and KIM, TAEKOOK},
title={Implementation of Unmanned Payment System Based on Object Detection},
journal={Journal of Internet of Things and Convergence},
issn={2466-0078},
year={2026},
volume={12},
number={2},
pages={137-145}
TY - JOUR
AU - Je-Hui Lee
AU - Dong-Geon Kim
AU - Hyo-won Kim
AU - Chae-Yeon Baek
AU - KIM, TAEKOOK
TI - Implementation of Unmanned Payment System Based on Object Detection
JO - Journal of Internet of Things and Convergence
PY - 2026
VL - 12
IS - 2
PB - The Korea Internet of Things Society
SP - 137
EP - 145
SN - 2466-0078
AB - This study aims to design and implement an object detection–based unmanned payment system to alleviate the high infrastructure costs and user reliability issues associated with conventional automated checkout technologies. The proposed system employs a YOLO-based object detection model to recognize products placed in a shopping cart in real time and applies a frame-accumulation-based tracking algorithm to compensate for transient recognition errors, thereby enabling robust identification of payable items. In addition, BLE(Bluetooth Low Energy) beacons are utilized to automatically detect customer entry and exit, while a mobile application provides real-time visualization of a virtual shopping cart and electronic receipts. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach achieves stable recognition performance across various real-world retail environments and effectively reduces payment errors caused by momentary detection failures. The proposed system presents a lightweight unmanned payment architecture that can be implemented without expensive sensor infrastructure, and is expected to contribute to the practical adoption of unmanned services in small- and medium-sized retail stores.
KW - Unmanned Payment System;Object Detection;YOLO;Product Tracking;BLE Beacon;Edge Device
DO -
UR -
ER -
Je-Hui Lee, Dong-Geon Kim, Hyo-won Kim, Chae-Yeon Baek and KIM, TAEKOOK. (2026). Implementation of Unmanned Payment System Based on Object Detection. Journal of Internet of Things and Convergence, 12(2), 137-145.
Je-Hui Lee, Dong-Geon Kim, Hyo-won Kim, Chae-Yeon Baek and KIM, TAEKOOK. 2026, "Implementation of Unmanned Payment System Based on Object Detection", Journal of Internet of Things and Convergence, vol.12, no.2 pp.137-145.
Je-Hui Lee, Dong-Geon Kim, Hyo-won Kim, Chae-Yeon Baek, KIM, TAEKOOK "Implementation of Unmanned Payment System Based on Object Detection" Journal of Internet of Things and Convergence 12.2 pp.137-145 (2026) : 137.
Je-Hui Lee, Dong-Geon Kim, Hyo-won Kim, Chae-Yeon Baek, KIM, TAEKOOK. Implementation of Unmanned Payment System Based on Object Detection. 2026; 12(2), 137-145.
Je-Hui Lee, Dong-Geon Kim, Hyo-won Kim, Chae-Yeon Baek and KIM, TAEKOOK. "Implementation of Unmanned Payment System Based on Object Detection" Journal of Internet of Things and Convergence 12, no.2 (2026) : 137-145.
Je-Hui Lee; Dong-Geon Kim; Hyo-won Kim; Chae-Yeon Baek; KIM, TAEKOOK. Implementation of Unmanned Payment System Based on Object Detection. Journal of Internet of Things and Convergence, 12(2), 137-145.
Je-Hui Lee; Dong-Geon Kim; Hyo-won Kim; Chae-Yeon Baek; KIM, TAEKOOK. Implementation of Unmanned Payment System Based on Object Detection. Journal of Internet of Things and Convergence. 2026; 12(2) 137-145.
Je-Hui Lee, Dong-Geon Kim, Hyo-won Kim, Chae-Yeon Baek, KIM, TAEKOOK. Implementation of Unmanned Payment System Based on Object Detection. 2026; 12(2), 137-145.
Je-Hui Lee, Dong-Geon Kim, Hyo-won Kim, Chae-Yeon Baek and KIM, TAEKOOK. "Implementation of Unmanned Payment System Based on Object Detection" Journal of Internet of Things and Convergence 12, no.2 (2026) : 137-145.
