@article{ART003375011},
author={Hyun-Ju Kim and Dong-Hyun Kim and Bong-Kyu Jung},
title={Comparative Analysis of Optimal LNG Carrier Speeds under CO₂ Minimization and Voyage Time Constraints},
journal={Journal of Internet of Things and Convergence},
issn={2466-0078},
year={2026},
volume={12},
number={4},
pages={24}
TY - JOUR
AU - Hyun-Ju Kim
AU - Dong-Hyun Kim
AU - Bong-Kyu Jung
TI - Comparative Analysis of Optimal LNG Carrier Speeds under CO₂ Minimization and Voyage Time Constraints
JO - Journal of Internet of Things and Convergence
PY - 2026
VL - 12
IS - 4
PB - The Korea Internet of Things Society
SP - 24
EP -
SN - 2466-0078
AB - With the implementation of the International Maritime Organization (IMO) Carbon Intensity Indicator (CII) regulation, there is an increasing need for operational decision-making techniques that can reduce carbon emissions while maintaining operational efficiency. This study determines the sailing speed of an LNG carrier using an artificial intelligence (AI)-based carbon emission prediction model and a Grid Search algorithm and comparatively analyzes the optimal sailing speeds under two operational scenarios: carbon emission minimization and voyage time constraints. ML model(XGBoost) was used to estimate hourly CO₂ emissions at different sailing speeds, and the optimal sailing speed was determined by considering total voyage CO₂ emissions, voyage time, and compliance with the CII requirements under the same voyage distance. The case study showed that when only carbon emissions were minimized, the optimal sailing speed was 12.9 knots, resulting in a 26.8% reduction in total CO₂ emissions compared with the baseline operating condition. When voyage time constraints were additionally considered, the optimal sailing speed was determined to be 16.9 knots, satisfying all operational constraints while reducing total CO₂ emissions by 5.4%. The proposed approach provides a practical decision-support method for sailing speed determination by integrating AI-based carbon emission prediction with operational constraints and can serve as a basis for future multi-objective voyage decision-making incorporating weather forecasting and route optimization.
KW - LNG carrier;CO₂ emission prediction;Sailing speed optimization;Grid Search;CII
DO -
UR -
ER -
Hyun-Ju Kim, Dong-Hyun Kim and Bong-Kyu Jung. (2026). Comparative Analysis of Optimal LNG Carrier Speeds under CO₂ Minimization and Voyage Time Constraints. Journal of Internet of Things and Convergence, 12(4), 24.
Hyun-Ju Kim, Dong-Hyun Kim and Bong-Kyu Jung. 2026, "Comparative Analysis of Optimal LNG Carrier Speeds under CO₂ Minimization and Voyage Time Constraints", Journal of Internet of Things and Convergence, vol.12, no.4 24.
Hyun-Ju Kim, Dong-Hyun Kim, Bong-Kyu Jung "Comparative Analysis of Optimal LNG Carrier Speeds under CO₂ Minimization and Voyage Time Constraints" Journal of Internet of Things and Convergence 12.4 24 (2026) : 24.
Hyun-Ju Kim, Dong-Hyun Kim, Bong-Kyu Jung. Comparative Analysis of Optimal LNG Carrier Speeds under CO₂ Minimization and Voyage Time Constraints. 2026; 12(4), 24.
Hyun-Ju Kim, Dong-Hyun Kim and Bong-Kyu Jung. "Comparative Analysis of Optimal LNG Carrier Speeds under CO₂ Minimization and Voyage Time Constraints" Journal of Internet of Things and Convergence 12, no.4 (2026) : 24.
Hyun-Ju Kim; Dong-Hyun Kim; Bong-Kyu Jung. Comparative Analysis of Optimal LNG Carrier Speeds under CO₂ Minimization and Voyage Time Constraints. Journal of Internet of Things and Convergence, 12(4), 24.
Hyun-Ju Kim; Dong-Hyun Kim; Bong-Kyu Jung. Comparative Analysis of Optimal LNG Carrier Speeds under CO₂ Minimization and Voyage Time Constraints. Journal of Internet of Things and Convergence. 2026; 12(4) 24.
Hyun-Ju Kim, Dong-Hyun Kim, Bong-Kyu Jung. Comparative Analysis of Optimal LNG Carrier Speeds under CO₂ Minimization and Voyage Time Constraints. 2026; 12(4), 24.
Hyun-Ju Kim, Dong-Hyun Kim and Bong-Kyu Jung. "Comparative Analysis of Optimal LNG Carrier Speeds under CO₂ Minimization and Voyage Time Constraints" Journal of Internet of Things and Convergence 12, no.4 (2026) : 24.
