2015, Vol., No.63

Journal of Studies in Bibliography 2023 KCI Impact Factor : 0.65

pISSN : 1225-5246 / eISSN : 2671-8758
https://journal.kci.go.kr/korbiblio

This study was for pondering upon both bibliographical analysis on #2 Jeo-jeong-jib (霽亭集) which is first editionhoused in Museum Go-Pan-Hwa, and upon, by contrasting the letters, how it’s changed from Jung-Gan-Bon, published in 1836. Thus we came to know below. First, 25 poetry and proses are included in #2 Choganbon, 19 poetry and proses out of them are included in #1, #2 and #3 Jung-Gan-Bon. In addition, 「Na-Ong-Haw-Sang-Eo-Rok-Bal-MI(懶翁和尙語錄跋尾)」 and 「Gim-Je-Hak-Cheon- Che-Chil-So(金提學薦妻七七䟽)」 are excluded in Jung-Gan-Bon but in DongMunSeon (東文選). Also 「Do-Sun-Mun-Sa-Sang-Lye-Jang(都巡問使上禮狀)」, 「Sang-Hwang- Hu-Cheon-Sa-Gong-Sin-Ho-Jeon(上皇后殿謝功臣號牋)」, 「Ha-Yun-Bi-Seong-So- Sang-Jeon-Gu-Sil(下允批省所上牋具悉)」, 「Dae-Myeong-Sa-Un-Pyo(大明謝恩表)」 are included in only first edition, which are not known to the public. Second, having contrasted the letters of the body of Jung-Gan-Bon, it was found there were some differences resulted from letter in-and-out and I-che-Ja(異體字). Furthermore 「Dong-Jae-Seol(動齋說)」, 「Na-Ong-Haw-Sang-Eo-Rok-Bal-MI(懶翁和尙語錄跋尾)」, 「Kuk-Haeng-Seong-Jeol-Il-Ha-Pyo(國行聖節日賀表)」, 「Jeol-Il-Ha- Pyo(節日賀表)」, 「Gyae-Sa-Sib-Wol-I-Sib-O-Il-Ha-Hwang-Tae-Ja-Bong-Chaek-Jeon (癸巳十月廿五日賀皇太子封冊箋)」, which are under first edition, are confirmed to be more detailed than Jung-Gan-Bon and DongMunSeon.

This research tries to explore the meaning and value of ‘the Jeungdogaja(證道歌字) and the Goryeo(高麗) Four-legged Style Types’ by examining comprehensively the current trend of researches on those types. The results are as follows: 1) It is confirmed that ‘Goryeo Metal Movable Types, that is, the Jeungdogaja and the Goryeo Four-legged Style Types’ are very valuable cultural assets which deserve to be registered as UNESCO Memory of the World as well as the Korean national treasures. 2) It was documented that the metal movable type edition of Nammyeongchon Hwasang Songjeungdoga(「南明泉和尙頌證道歌」) had been published around 1211. 3) With the measurement of radiocarbon dating method, the ink stains on the surface of the Jeungdogaja types were strongly suggested ‘the inks produced in the early 13th century’. Therefore, it was proved that the Jeungdogaja were the authentic Goryeo metal movable types. As a result, the Jeungdogaja were definitely the first metal movable types in the world, with which Nammyeongchon Hwasang Songjeungdoga was printed in the early 13th century(around 1211). 4) The casting techniques of the genuine ‘Goryeo Four-legged Style Types’ were succeeded to the casting of ‘Heungdoksaja(興德寺字)’ with which Jikji(「直指」) was printed in 1377, and also inherited to the casting of the Gyemija(癸未字) and Gyeongjaja(庚子字) types in the early Joseon(朝鮮).

This paper is an analysis of the compilation and distribution of 『Four Buddhist Sermons』 passed down at the late Goryeo Dynasty period. Compiled by a disciple of Naong Haegeun at the end of Goryeo Dynasty period, 『Four Buddhist Sermons』 was first published at Muwiam Jirisan in 1375, and subsequently completed in the Yunpilam edition in 1441. Based on this Yunpilam edition as the source edition, its Korean translations were published by Hyegakjonja Shinmi at Ganggyeongdogam in 1467. In addition, its Chinese edition was distributed upon revising and partially reflecting the Korean translations. Including the Korean translations, it was found that 40 kinds of extant editions remain. Regarding the establishment, compilation and distribution of 『Four Buddhist Sermons』, based on the writings of Mongsan Deokyi passed down from China, Sija Gakryeon of Naong in the late Goryeo Dynasty period, as well as his religious tradition successors Muhak Jacho in the early Joseon Dynasty period, Hamheo Deuktong and Hyegak Shinmi played the leading role.