KJCKorea
Journal Central

The present research aims to examine how passivity is realized in Jeju dialect by investigating its characteristics. Compared to common language, one unique feature of passivity in Jeju dialect is that passivity based on passive suffix has a very low productivity and shows a conspicuous form of passivity using ‘-eojida’. That is, in Jeju dialect, passive expressions combined with passive suffix are not that common whereas the form combined with ‘-eojida’ are widely prevalent. As a result of comparing the realization of passivity in Jeju dialect with the spoken corpus analyzed by Sehwan Kim(2007), lexical passivity of ‘doe-da, bat-da, dang-ha-da’ shows similar figures (27.3% and 28.5%) whereas there is significant difference in terms of derivative passivity (3.6% and 40.5%) and syntactic passivity (69.1% and 31%). In Jeju dialect, ‘-eojida’ is being realized at the level of approximately 70%, which demonstrates how widely the passive expression of ‘-eojida’ is being used in Jeju dialect. According to the result of classifying the meanings of ‘-eojida’ used in sentences of Jeju dialect introduced in <Jeju dialect oral source book>, they can be categorized into ‘passivity’, ‘possibility’, ‘perfect’, ‘change of status’, and ‘involuntary’. As in common language, there is no doubt that ‘-eojida’ in Jeju dialect is significant in the meanings related to ‘passivity’. However, in common language, passivity is realized by being combined with the passive suffix whereas in Jeju dialect, only a small portion of passivity forms are accompanied by the passive suffix, and syntactic passivity is more prevalent. Meanwhile, there are few cases in Jeju dialect where ‘-eojida’ is combined with adjectives. When ‘-eojida’ is combined with an adjective, it indicates the change of status. In Jeju dialect, this semantic function is replaced by ‘-am/eom’ combined at the end of an adjective. Therefore, when compared with common language, the portion of ‘status change’ in semantic function of ‘-eojida’ is low. In Jeju dialect, passivity based on passive suffix is limited. ‘Bbat-gi-da, ssoi-da, jjot-gi-da’ are the examples, and future research should focus on diachronic examination of the reason why certain verbs do not form syntactic derivatives.

Jeju Dialect, passive suffix, -eojida, passivity, possibility, perfect, change of status, involuntary