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The Religious Origine of the Modern State:State of Absolute Monarchy and Religion

  • Korean Review of French History
  • Abbr : KRFH
  • 2005, (12), pp.5~30
  • Publisher : KOREAN SOCIETY FOR FRENCH HISTORY
  • Research Area : Humanities > History

LIM Seung Hwi 1

1선문대학교

Candidate

ABSTRACT

This study intends to confirm the religious essence of the modern state in France which was characterized by the secularization, even dramatical during the French Revolution, by the means of verification of religious role in making of the modern state. Our hypothesis is that the secularization of the state was not exactly the desacralization, and that the making of the modern state was carried with the religious essence by nature. We would follow the way transferring the sacrality from the absolute monarchy personified by the king to the impersonal modern state. The discourse of divine right standed at the peak in 17th century by the absolute monarchy. The king who was the lieutenant of God and the image of Christ in the mediaeval age has been transformed as the god himself. By the means of this divinization of the king, the state could be personified and identified by the person of king. However the kings’s absolute power had left the state and the bureaucracy to develop. The result was the administrative monarchy, and it was, ironically, accompanied by the impersonalization of state and the desacralization of king. What the Revolution has destroyed? It had destroyed not the sacred essence of the power of state, but the monarchic order. In this sense, the Revolution has continued by heritage the transfer of the sacrality and completed it.

Citation status

* References for papers published after 2023 are currently being built.

This paper was written with support from the National Research Foundation of Korea.